Anatomy and Physiology Chapter 1

<p>It provides insights into body functions by comparing different species, leading to new drug development and medical procedures. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To view the inside of the body without surgery. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Biceps muscle (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Over 99% DNA similarity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The best animals for biomedical research (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ecosystem (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Understanding complex systems by studying their simpler parts (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Having a different number of vertebrae (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It makes each individual unique (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The ability to reproduce (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Misspellings can lead to confusion and misunderstandings, potentially resulting in medical errors. (A), It helps to ensure clarity and consistency when communicating with other healthcare professionals. (B), Accurate spelling demonstrates professionalism and attention to detail. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The 1895 establishment of naming conventions was a crucial step toward standardizing anatomical terminology. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>All of the above. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The upper arm (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It combines the root word &quot;biceps&quot; with the adjective &quot;brachii&quot;, which refers to the arm. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They connect different root words together to form a compound word. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Corpora (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It enables healthcare professionals to modify treatment plans according to age and sex. (B), It allows for a personalized approach to treatment based on genetic factors. (C), It helps prevent overmedication or undermedication based on individual needs. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Inanimate matter (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Blood clotting after injury (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To maintain a stable internal environment within a narrow range. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A difference in concentration between two areas. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The maintenance of a constant body temperature. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cellular composition (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>These values provide benchmarks to compare individual measurements against. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To provide a baseline for comparison with the treatment group. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A generalization about the way matter and energy behave, derived from inductive reasoning and repeated observations. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To ensure the accuracy, objectivity, and quality of research. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is a definitive explanation of a phenomenon. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To eliminate the influence of the experimenter's expectations on the results. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>William Harvey (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Antony van Leeuwenhoek (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>He established a code of ethics for physicians. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>De Humani Corporis Fabrica (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Aristotle (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Robert Hooke (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Catholic Church banned the use of human cadavers. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>He performed his own dissections, rather than relying on barber-surgeons. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It states that all organisms are composed of cells, and that all functions of the body arise from cellular activity. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Robert Hooke (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The number of subjects included in a study.

A group that resembles the treatment group but does not receive the treatment.

The evaluation of research by experts before publication or funding.

Information that can be independently verified.

An explanatory set of statements derived from facts and laws.

A method of examining the body by visual observation.

The study of tissues at the microscopic level.

The study of structures visible to the naked eye.

The study of cells' structure and function.

Study of anatomy across different species to understand evolution.

Structures that are no longer used as they were in the past.

Similarities in the development stages between organisms.

Genetic similarities that indicate relationships between organisms.

Humans share 98.4% of their DNA with chimpanzees.

Levels of organization in living organisms from complex to simple.

Understanding complex systems by studying simpler components.

The idea that whole organisms exhibit properties not evident in their parts.

The concept that no two humans have the same anatomical structure.

Differences in physiological traits among individuals due to factors like age, sex, and genetics.

The process of maintaining stable internal conditions in the body despite external changes.

A mechanism that reverses a change in a controlled condition to maintain homeostasis.

Regulating body temperature: when overheated, the body sweats to cool down.

A process that enhances or accelerates changes; may lead to instability if unchecked.

Childbirth: the release of oxytocin increases contractions until delivery occurs.

A difference in concentration or charge across a space, influencing the flow of matter and energy.

Matter and energy move down gradients, such as oxygen and nutrients moving from high to low concentration.

Precise spelling in anatomy and physiology is crucial to avoid confusion and ensure patient safety.

Approximately 90% of medical terms derive from 1,200 Greek and Latin roots.

Eponyms are structures named after people, which can lead to confusion in anatomy terminology.

Established in 1998, TA provided standardized Latin names and English equivalents for anatomical terms.

Medical terminology consists of roots, combining vowels, prefixes, and suffixes to form words.

Acronyms are pronounceable terms formed from the initials of a series of words, like PET scan.

Different rules apply for pluralizing medical terms, such as 'cortex' becoming 'cortices'.

In medical terminology, adjectives often follow the nouns they modify, affecting their form.

Greek physician known as the 'Father of medicine'; established the Hippocratic Oath and emphasized natural causes of disease.

Greek philosopher who believed diseases had supernatural (theologi) and natural (physiologi) causes, influencing the fields of medicine and biology.

Physician to Roman gladiators who performed animal dissections, and whose teachings dominated medical thought in the Middle Ages.

Also known as Ibn Sina, he was a Muslim physician who combined Aristotle and Galen's findings; authored 'The Canon of Medicine'.

Physician who published the first atlas of anatomy, performed dissections personally, and advanced the study of human anatomy.

Early physiologist known for discovering blood circulation, published 'De Motu Cordis'.

Improved the compound microscope and first to see and name 'cells'; published 'Micrographia'.

Inventor of a single-lens microscope with high magnification; observed microorganisms in various samples.

The theory stating that all organisms are composed of cells, proposed by Matthias Schleiden and Theodor Schwann.

A systematic way of obtaining scientific knowledge using inductive and hypothetico-deductive reasoning.