10 Questions
What is the main function of the sugar chains located on the outer surface of the plasma membrane?
Adhering to neighboring cells
Which organelle is responsible for carrying out the function of transporting small polar molecules like glucose and ions like Na/K pump?
Golgi apparatus
What is the role of transmembrane proteins in the cell membrane?
Acting as receptors for ligands
What is the function of integral (intrinsic) proteins in the lipid bilayer?
Restricting movement of phospholipid molecules
Which component of the cell membrane is responsible for filling gaps between the hydrophobic fatty acid tails and modulating membrane fluidity?
Cholesterol
Which organelle is responsible for intracytoplasmic digestion?
Lysosome
What is the function of the inner membrane of mitochondria?
Folded into Cristae to increase surface area for attachment of ATP synthase enzyme
Which organelle contains oxidases that synthesize hydrogen peroxide?
Peroxisome
Where are the newly synthesized proteins isolated and segregated within the cell?
Golgi apparatus
Which type of lysosome contains undigested material?
Residual bodies
Study Notes
Cell Membrane Structure and Function
- Sugar chains located on the outer surface of the plasma membrane serve as identification markers for the cell and help in cell-cell recognition and communication.
- Transmembrane proteins in the cell membrane allow for the transport of small polar molecules like glucose and ions, and facilitate the Na/K pump function.
Organelle Functions
- The Golgi apparatus is responsible for carrying out the function of transporting small polar molecules like glucose and ions.
- Lysosomes are responsible for intracytoplasmic digestion, breaking down and recycling cellular waste and foreign substances.
- Mitochondria's inner membrane is the site of cellular respiration, where energy from glucose is converted into ATP.
- Peroxisomes are the organelle that contains oxidases that synthesize hydrogen peroxide, which is used to break down fatty acids and amino acids.
Protein Synthesis and Lysosomes
- The rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) is where newly synthesized proteins are isolated and segregated within the cell.
- Heterolysosomes are the type of lysosomes that contain undigested material, formed by the fusion of lysosomes with vesicles containing engulfed foreign substances or cellular waste.
Prepare for the histology final exam with this revision quiz covering the lipid, protein, and carbohydrate components of the cell membrane. Test your knowledge on phospholipid bilayers, cholesterol, integral proteins, and more.
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