BMD 427 Applied Bioinformatics Lecture 7: RNAseq Data Analysis

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Questions and Answers

What does the term 'transcriptome' refer to?

  • The collection of all transcripts including mRNA, rRNA, tRNA, and ncRNA (correct)
  • The collection of all mRNA transcripts only
  • The transcriptional status of biological samples at a specific time
  • The complete set of transcripts in a cell for a given physiological condition

What is the main purpose of RNA-seq?

  • To analyze small RNA or microRNAs
  • To study the ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and transfer RNA (tRNA)
  • To obtain the transcriptional status of biological samples at a specific time (correct)
  • To collect all types of RNA reads in a tissue or organism

Which types of reads are obtained from RNA-seq?

  • Exonic Reads, Exon–Intron Junction Reads, Poly(A) Reads (correct)
  • Long Sequences, Short Sequences, Medium Sequences
  • mRNA Reads, rRNA Reads, tRNA Reads
  • Small RNA Reads, Noncoding RNA Reads, MicroRNA Reads

What is the specific focus of RNA-seq in the study of biological samples?

<p>mRNA (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does WTSS stand for in the context of transcriptome sequencing?

<p>Whole-Transcriptome Shotgun Sequencing (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the major types of RNA included in the transcriptome?

<p>mRNA, rRNA, tRNA, ncRNA (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the crucial factors in RNA-seq?

<p>Sequencing depth (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of reads are preferable for characterizing poorly annotated transcriptomes?

<p>Longer paired-end reads (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the size of the final fragments for Illumina sequencing?

<p>Less than 500 bp (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What varies with effect size, sequencing depth, and number of replicates in detecting differential expression?

<p>Statistical power (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is recommended if outliers with over 30% disagreement are found in raw reads quality control?

<p>They should be discarded (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which checkpoints are used for quality control in RNA-seq?

<p>Presence of adaptors, overrepresented k-mers, GC content (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the steps in the acquisition of RNA-seq data?

<p>Raw reads QC (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is crucial for proper sequencing and subsequent analysis?

<p>$\text{Sequencing depth}$ (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'The best sequencing option depends on the analysis goals' - this statement refers to which factor affecting RNA-seq?

<p>$\text{Experimental design}$ (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'More transcripts will be detected, and their quantification will be more precise as the sample is sequenced to a deeper level' - this statement refers to which factor affecting RNA-seq?

<p>$\text{Sequencing depth}$ (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is genome assembly?

<p>The process of piecing together the DNA sequences of an organism's genome to create a comprehensive representation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What makes genome assembly challenging?

<p>Genome complexity, short reads, repetitive sequences, heterozygosity, and sequencing errors (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do short reads make the assembly process more challenging?

<p>Short reads may make it impossible to resolve repetitive regions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What complicates genome assembly due to its prevalence in many genomes?

<p>Repetitive sequences (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In genome assembly, what does complexity refer to?

<p>Repetitive sequences, structural variations, and varying ploidy levels (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of genome assembly?

<p>Creating a comprehensive representation of an organism's DNA sequences (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a challenge in determining where each read belongs in the assembly when they are identical or very similar?

<p>Heterozygosity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential issue introduced by sequencing technologies that can affect the accuracy of the assembly?

<p>Base-calling errors (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which assembly method represents reads as nodes and overlaps between reads as edges in a graph?

<p>De Bruijn Graph-based Assembly (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which assembly method is known for struggling with repetitive regions and being sensitive to sequencing errors?

<p>De Bruijn Graph-based Assembly (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which assembly approach uses pairwise read alignments to identify overlaps between reads and is effective for long-read data?

<p>DNA Overlap-Layout-Consensus (OLC) Assembly (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which method aims to order and orient contigs to create larger genomic segments after initial assembly?

<p>Scaffolding (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a strength of the Scaffolding method in genome assembly?

<p>Improves the continuity and contiguity of genome assemblies (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a limitation of the Overlap-Layout-Consensus (OLC) Assembly method?

<p>Computationally intensive and slower (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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