BLS Flashcards: CPR Guidelines
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Questions and Answers

Which victim requires CPR?

A victim who is unresponsive with no normal breathing and no pulse.

When is it important to move an adult victim who needs CPR?

When the adult victim is in a dangerous environment.

High quality CPR includes starting chest compressions within how many seconds after recognition of cardiac arrest in victims of all ages?

10 seconds.

Interruptions of chest compressions should be limited to how many seconds?

<p>10 seconds.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can you tell when a rescue breath for an infant victim is effective?

<p>There is visible rise of the chest.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the best method of opening the airway of an unresponsive victim when you do not suspect cervical spine injury?

<p>Use the head tilt chin lift.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What technique is not recommended for a single rescuer to provide breaths during CPR?

<p>Bag mask device.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is likely to cause air to enter the victim's stomach (gastric inflation) during bag mask ventilation?

<p>Breaths are given too quickly or with too much force.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the correct compression and ventilation rates for 2 rescuers CPR in the presence of an advanced airway in adult victims?

<p>Compress at a rate of at least 100 per minute with 2 breaths every 5 to 10 seconds.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does complete chest recoil contribute to effective CPR?

<p>Allows the heart to refill with blood between compressions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended compression-ventilation ratio for 2 rescuer adult CPR?

<p>30:2 for 2 rescuers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

To reduce fatigue during CPR, how often should compressions switch roles?

<p>After every 5 cycles of compressions and breaths.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended compression rate for performing CPR on a victim of any age?

<p>100 per minute.</p> Signup and view all the answers

During 2 rescuer CPR, one rescuer will provide chest compressions. What is the role of the second rescuer?

<p>Maintain an open airway and give breaths.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are chest compressions important?

<p>They pump blood to the rest of the body.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the first step to perform once the AED arrives on the scene?

<p>Turn on the AED.</p> Signup and view all the answers

When should you deliver a shock from the AED?

<p>After the AED activates a shock, charges, states 'clear the victim', and prompts me to push the shock button.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the best way to relieve severe choking in a responsive adult?

<p>Perform abdominal thrusts.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct depth of chest compression for a child victim?

<p>At least one third the depth of the chest, approximately 2 inches.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended compression ventilation ratio for 2 rescuer child CPR?

<p>15:2.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What size AED pads should be used for a child less than 8 years of age?

<p>Adult pads/dose may be used if pediatric pads are not available.</p> Signup and view all the answers

A choking adult becomes unresponsive while you are doing abdominal thrusts for severe choking. What should you do next?

<p>Begin CPR.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended compression ventilation ratio for 1 rescuer infant CPR?

<p>30:2.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the preferred technique for providing chest compressions during 2 rescuer CPR for an infant?

<p>The 2 thumb - encircling hands technique.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where is the brachial pulse located?

<p>On the inside of the upper arm between the elbow and the shoulder.</p> Signup and view all the answers

While performing high-quality CPR on an adult, what action should you ensure is being accomplished?

<p>Compressing to the depth of at least 2 inches.</p> Signup and view all the answers

A 53-year-old woman collapses while gardening. She is unresponsive, is not breathing, and does not have a pulse. When the AED arrives, what is the first step for using it?

<p>Turn on the AED.</p> Signup and view all the answers

After the AED pads are attached to the victim's bare chest, the AED detects ventricular fibrillation. What is the next step when using an AED?

<p>Follow the AED prompts.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should you do if you need to use an AED on someone who has been submerged in water?

<p>Pull the victim out of the water, and wipe the chest.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can rescuers ensure that they are providing effective breaths when using a bag-mask device?

<p>Observing the chest rise with breaths.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What ratio for compressions to breaths should be used for 1-rescuer infant CPR?

<p>30 compressions to 2 breaths.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a consideration when you are using an AED?

<p>On a hairy chest, the pads may not stick and may fail to deliver a shock.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What actions should occur next, to support a team-based resuscitation attempt?

<p>2 rescuers alternate giving high-quality chest compressions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Two rescuers begin high-quality CPR while the third rescuer leaves to get the AED. What action supports 2-rescuer CPR?

<p>Alternating the compressor role every 2 minutes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the statement with the most appropriate element of team dynamics listed.

<p>Members of the team know their boundaries and ask for help before the resuscitation attempt worsens. = Knowing your limitations The team functions smoothly when all team members know their positions, functions, and tasks during a resuscitation attempt. = Clear roles and responsibilities</p> Signup and view all the answers

A victim with a foreign-body airway obstruction becomes unresponsive. What is your first course of action?

<p>Start CPR, beginning with chest compressions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is defibrillation important?

<p>It can restore a regular cardiac rhythm.</p> Signup and view all the answers

You witness someone suddenly collapse. The person is unresponsive, you hear gasping sounds, and there is no pulse. What should you do next?

<p>Begin CPR; the gasps are not normal breathing.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which action is most likely to positively impact this victim's survival?

<p>Performing high-quality CPR.</p> Signup and view all the answers

You and another rescuer begin CPR. After a few cycles, you notice the chest compression rate is slowing. What should you say to offer constructive feedback?

<p>&quot;You need to compress at a rate of 100 to 120 per minute.&quot;</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do you perform chest compressions when providing high-quality CPR to a child victim?

<p>By compressing the chest at least one third the depth of the chest, about 2 inches (5 cm).</p> Signup and view all the answers

When performing CPR on an unresponsive choking victim, what modification should you incorporate?

<p>Each time you open the airway, look for the obstructing object.</p> Signup and view all the answers

You have determined that the infant is responsive and choking with a severe airway obstruction. How do you relieve the airway obstruction?

<p>Give sets of 5 back slaps and 5 chest thrusts.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which action do you perform to relieve choking in an unresponsive infant?

<p>Perform CPR, and look in the mouth for the obstructing object.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which victim requires high-quality CPR?

<p>A victim who is unresponsive with no normal breathing and no pulse.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the statement with the most appropriate element of team dynamics listed.

<p>The team functions smoothly when all team members know their positions, functions, and tasks during a resuscitation attempt. = Clear roles and responsibilities Members of the team know their boundaries and ask for help before the resuscitation attempt worsens. = Knowing your limitations</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is allowing complete chest recoil important when performing high-quality CPR?

<p>The heart will adequately refill between compressions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

CPR and AED Guidelines

  • CPR is required for victims who are unresponsive, lack normal breathing, and have no pulse.
  • Move adult victims requiring CPR from dangerous environments when necessary.
  • High-quality CPR requires starting chest compressions within 10 seconds of recognizing cardiac arrest.
  • Limit interruptions of chest compressions to a maximum of 10 seconds.
  • Successful rescue breaths for infants are indicated by visible chest rise.

Airway Management and Techniques

  • The head tilt-chin lift maneuver is preferred for opening the airway in unresponsive victims unless cervical spine injury is suspected.
  • Single rescuers should avoid using a bag-mask device for rescue breaths during CPR due to inefficiency.

Bag-Mask Ventilation

  • Gastric inflation occurs when breaths are administered too quickly or too forcefully, leading to air entering the stomach.

CPR Compression and Ventilation Rates

  • For 2-rescuer CPR with an advanced airway in adults, compress at least 100 times per minute, with 2 breaths every 5 to 10 seconds.
  • The compression-ventilation ratio for 2-rescuer adult CPR is 30:2.
  • To minimize fatigue, rescuers should switch roles after every 5 cycles of compressions and breaths.

Effectiveness of CPR

  • Effective CPR compresses to a depth of at least 2 inches and allows complete chest recoil for optimal blood refilling.
  • The recommended compression rate for CPR on any age victim is 100 per minute.

AED Usage

  • Upon AED arrival, the first step is to turn on the device.
  • Shock delivery from an AED occurs only after prompts instructing to "clear the victim."
  • If using an AED on someone submerged in water, first pull them out and wipe the chest dry.

Choking Response Techniques

  • For severe choking in responsive adults, perform abdominal thrusts.
  • If an unresponsive choking adult becomes limp, immediately begin CPR.
  • For children under 8, use adult AED pads if pediatric pads are not available.

Infant CPR Specifics

  • The compression-ventilation ratio for 1-rescuer infant CPR is 30:2, and for 2-rescuer infant CPR, it is 15:2.
  • During 2-rescuer CPR for infants, use the 2 thumb-encircling hand technique for chest compressions.
  • When performing CPR on a choking infant, check the mouth for obstructions whenever the airway is opened.

Team Dynamics in CPR

  • Effective team-based resuscitation requires alternating high-quality chest compressions among rescuers.
  • Team members should understand their roles and maintain clear communication to function efficiently.

Importance of CPR

  • Rescue breaths need to be effective and can be verified by observing chest rise with the bag-mask device.
  • High-quality CPR significantly improves survival rates as it facilitates blood circulation to vital organs.
  • Defibrillation restores regular heart rhythms, crucial during cardiac emergencies.

Recommendations for CPR

  • Provide feedback to partners to maintain the compression rate of 100 to 120 per minute.
  • Check for any obstructions in the mouth during CPR in unresponsive choking victims.
  • Perform back slaps followed by chest thrusts for infant airway obstruction relief.

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Test your knowledge of Basic Life Support (BLS) procedures, specifically focusing on when to administer CPR and the quality of CPR. This quiz covers essential definitions and guidelines that every responder should be familiar with. Perfect for anyone preparing for emergency response training.

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