Questions and Answers
What is the artery that supplies blood to the brain and spinal cord?
carotid
What is the innermost layer in blood vessels consisting of endothelium and an elastic membrane?
tunica intima
What is the term for abnormal accumulation of interstitial fluid?
edema
What is the peak blood pressure measurement called?
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What is the single valve for blood pressure calculated by adding 1/3 pulse pressure to the diastolic pressure?
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What is a bulge in the weakened wall of an artery called?
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What describes the connection between small blood vessels not involving a capillary bed?
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What are the fatty masses of tissue that project into the lumen of blood vessels called?
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_______________ occurs when the diameter of arterioles are constricted by smooth muscle in the tunica media.
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______________ capillaries contain pores in the endothelial lining to permit rapid exchange of water and solutes.
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What is released by the kidneys if blood pressure declines or oxygen content of the blood becomes abnormally low?
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What is the term for blood hydrostatic pressure?
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What are the small arteries that capillary networks receive blood from?
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What hormone is secreted by the hypothalamus affecting water conservation at the kidneys?
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What prevents backflow of blood in the veins?
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What vein carries blood from above the heart to the right atrium?
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What is the minimum blood pressure at the end of ventricular relaxation called?
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_____________ vessels; as blood volume increases in these vessels, the elastic walls stretch which helps maintain a constant blood pressure.
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What is the difference between net hydrostatic pressure and net osmotic pressure called?
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What are the thin-walled veins that receive blood from capillaries called?
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What describes fenestrated capillaries with gaps between endothelial cells permitting the exchange of water and large solutes?
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What vessels are responsible for returning blood to the heart?
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Study Notes
Blood Vessels Overview
- Carotid Artery: Supplies blood to the brain and spinal cord.
- Tunica Intima: Innermost layer of blood vessels, comprised of endothelium and an elastic membrane.
- Edema: Condition characterized by the abnormal accumulation of interstitial fluid.
Blood Pressure Terms
- Systolic Pressure: Peak blood pressure measurement during heartbeats.
- Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP): Average blood pressure in a single valve, calculated by adding 1/3 of pulse pressure to the diastolic pressure.
- Diastolic Pressure: Minimum blood pressure at the end of ventricular relaxation.
Vascular Conditions and Structures
- Aneurysm: A bulge in the weakened wall of an artery.
- Anastomoses: Connections between small blood vessels that do not involve capillary beds.
- Plaque: Fatty masses of tissue that protrude into the lumen of blood vessels.
Vascular Processes
- Vasoconstriction: Occurs when arterioles constrict due to smooth muscle activity in the tunica media.
- Fenestrated Capillaries: These capillaries contain pores in the endothelial lining facilitating rapid exchange of water and solutes.
Hormonal Regulation
- Erythropoietin (EPO): Released by kidneys in response to low blood pressure or oxygen levels, stimulating red blood cell production.
- Antidiuretic Hormone: Secreted by the hypothalamus, it promotes water conservation at the kidneys.
Blood Circulation
- Blood Hydrostatic Pressure (BHP): Essential in determining the fluid movement across capillaries.
- Arterioles: Small arteries that deliver blood to capillary networks.
- Valves: Structures within veins that prevent backflow of blood.
- Superior Vena Cava: Vein that carries blood from above the heart to the right atrium.
- Venules: Thin-walled veins that collect blood from capillaries.
Blood Vessel Functionality
- Conducting Vessels: These vessels stretch their elastic walls to help maintain stable blood pressure as blood volume increases.
- Net Filtration Pressure (NFP): Calculated as the difference between net hydrostatic pressure and net osmotic pressure.
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Description
Test your knowledge of blood vessels with this engaging crossword puzzle! Each clue focuses on key terms related to blood vessel anatomy, function, and physiology. Ideal for students and medical professionals alike.
