16 Questions
What is the main reason why blood type must be matched correctly during donations?
To ensure compatibility with the immune system
What is unique about type O blood?
It can be donated to anyone
Why can individuals with type AB blood receive blood from anyone?
Because they have both A and B antigens
What is the significance of the Rh factor protein on the surface of red blood cells?
It is an additional antigen that affects blood type compatibility
What is blood type an example of in genetics?
Multiple alleles
Why can't a person with type B blood receive type A or AB blood?
Because their immune system will attack the unfamiliar antigens
What is the reason behind the immune system's attack on red blood cells with unfamiliar proteins during blood transfusions?
The immune system is very protective and will attack red blood cells with proteins it is not used to.
What are the three components of blood that have proteins on their surface?
Platelets, plasma, and red blood cells.
What is the difference between type A and type B blood in terms of the antigens present on the surface of red blood cells?
Type A blood has A antigens, while type B blood has B antigens.
Why is it possible for individuals with type O blood to donate to anyone?
Type O blood has neither A nor B antigens.
What determines the four main blood types, A, B, AB, and O?
The presence or absence of specific antigens on the surface of red blood cells.
What is the result of an individual with type B blood receiving type A or AB blood?
Their immune system will attack the unfamiliar antigens.
Why can individuals with type AB blood receive blood from anyone, regardless of their blood type?
They have both A and B antigens and can recognize all types.
What is the significance of blood type in terms of genetic inheritance?
Blood type is genetically inherited and is a great example of multiple alleles.
What is the relationship between antigens and blood type?
The presence or absence of specific antigens on the surface of red blood cells determines an individual's blood type.
Why is it important to consider blood type during medical procedures, such as transfusions?
To avoid adverse reactions due to the immune system's attack on unfamiliar antigens.
Study Notes
- Blood type is a phenotype that cannot be determined by physical appearance, unlike other phenotypes such as eye color, hair texture, and height.
- Blood is composed of platelets, plasma, and red blood cells, and each has proteins on its surface.
- The immune system is very protective and will attack red blood cells with proteins it is not used to, which is why blood type must be matched correctly during donations.
- There are four main blood types: A, B, AB, and O, which are determined by the presence or absence of specific antigens on the surface of red blood cells.
- Type A blood has A antigens, type B blood has B antigens, type AB blood has both A and B antigens, and type O blood has neither A nor B antigens.
- A person with type B blood can accept type B blood but not type A or AB blood, as their immune system will attack the unfamiliar antigens.
- Type O blood can be donated to anyone, but individuals with type O blood can only receive blood from other type O individuals.
- Individuals with type AB blood can receive blood from anyone, as they have both A and B antigens and can recognize all types.
- Blood types also have a plus or minus sign indicating the presence or absence of the Rh factor protein on the surface of red blood cells.
- Blood type is genetically inherited and is a great example of multiple alleles, with alleles being different forms of a gene.
- A couple with type A blood can have a baby with type O blood if they are both heterozygous for the A allele, but a baby with type B blood is not possible.
- Punnett squares can be used to determine the possible genotypes and phenotypes of offspring in blood type inheritance problems.
Learn about the different blood types, their inheritance patterns, and the immune system's role in blood transfusions. Understand how blood types are determined and how they are passed down genetically.
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
