Blood Transfusions Overview
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Questions and Answers

What type of transfusion involves using the client’s own previously collected blood?

  • Packed RBC transfusion
  • Standard donation
  • Intraoperative blood salvage
  • Autologous transfusion (correct)

    • What is required for intraoperative blood salvage regarding the timing of reinfusion?

  • Must occur within 12 hours of collection
  • Must occur within 6 hours of collection (correct)
  • Must occur within 4 hours of collection
  • Must occur within 2 hours of collection

    • Which component is NOT included in the various blood components used for transfusion?

  • Cryoprecipitate
  • Hemoglobin solution (correct)
  • Packed RBCs
  • White blood cells

    • How often can a client donate blood for autologous transfusions if their hemoglobin and hematocrit are stable?

    <p>Weekly until the desired amount is reached</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes a standard donation in transfusion types?

    <p>Involves transfusion from compatible donor blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary indication for administering packed RBCs?

    <p>Excessive blood loss</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which scenario would fresh frozen plasma be the appropriate choice?

    <p>Coagulation factor deficiencies like hemophilia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the suitable treatment for a patient experiencing thrombocytopenia?

    <p>Platelets</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which transfusion component would be administered to a patient with severe burns?

    <p>Albumin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    For a patient diagnosed with hemophilia A, which component is essential for treatment?

    <p>Cryoprecipitate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct procedure for platelet transfusion?

    <p>Platelets must be infused immediately using a special transfusion set.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must be done before and during a plasma transfusion?

    <p>Check ABO compatibility before infusion begins.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What volume of fresh frozen plasma should be infused and how quickly?

    <p>200 mL rapidly over 15 to 30 minutes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about platelet transfusion is false?

    <p>Platelets are to be administered using a long transfusion set.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main reason FFP needs to be infused shortly after thawing?

    <p>Clotting factors remain active for a limited time.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended time interval between the administration of amphotericin B and a WBC transfusion?

    <p>4 to 6 hours</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What volume of white blood cells should be infused over the designated period?

    <p>400 mL</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What action should a nurse take regarding vital signs during a WBC transfusion?

    <p>Take vital signs every 15 minutes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary consideration when transfusing WBCs to immunocompromised clients?

    <p>There is a high risk for severe reaction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to agency policy, what may be required during a WBC transfusion?

    <p>The presence of the provider may be required.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum gauge size needle recommended for older adult clients receiving blood transfusions?

    <p>19-gauge</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Within what time frame should a blood transfusion be initiated after obtaining the blood product?

    <p>30 min</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During a blood transfusion, how often should vital signs be assessed for older adult clients?

    <p>Every 15 min</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done if signs of a transfusion reaction occur?

    <p>Notify the provider immediately.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an important action to take regarding IV fluids during blood transfusion for older adult clients?

    <p>Withhold administration of other IV fluids.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended infusion time for a unit of packed RBCs?

    <p>2 to 4 hours</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must be done to ensure compatibility when administering packed red blood cells?

    <p>Follow blood transfusion protocols strictly.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which blood type lacks antibodies against A and B antigens?

    <p>Type AB</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why must Rh-negative patients be cautious when receiving transfusions?

    <p>They develop antibodies only if sensitized.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the nursing actions recommended before starting a transfusion?

    <p>Assess and document baseline vital signs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should the nurse verify to prevent mismatched blood transfusions?

    <p>The blood product against the client's name and ID.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When should the nurse remain with the client during a blood transfusion?

    <p>For the first 15 to 30 minutes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What gauge needle is standard for administering blood products?

    <p>18-gauge needle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential serious complication of an acute hemolytic transfusion reaction?

    <p>Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What symptom is NOT commonly associated with an acute hemolytic transfusion reaction?

    <p>Headache</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first nursing action to take if an acute hemolytic transfusion reaction is suspected?

    <p>Stop the transfusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following findings can indicate an acute hemolytic transfusion reaction?

    <p>Tachycardia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which preventive action helps ensure compatibility during blood transfusions?

    <p>Double-check the blood type and Rh factor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What symptoms are commonly associated with a febrile transfusion reaction?

    <p>Chills and hypotension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most appropriate nursing action to prevent a febrile transfusion reaction?

    <p>Use a WBC filter during transfusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which vital sign change is characteristic of a febrile transfusion reaction?

    <p>Increase of 1° C or greater from pretransfusion temperature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be administered after stopping the transfusion in the case of a febrile transfusion reaction?

    <p>Antipyretics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which situation is a febrile transfusion reaction most likely to occur?

    <p>After multiple transfusions have been given</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common symptom associated with a mild allergic transfusion reaction?

    <p>Flushing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should a nurse do first if a patient exhibits anaphylactic symptoms during a blood transfusion?

    <p>Stop the transfusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following actions is appropriate for managing a mild allergic transfusion reaction?

    <p>Administer an antihistamine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the case of a severe allergic reaction, what medication should be administered?

    <p>Corticosteroids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential severe complication of an anaphylactic transfusion reaction?

    <p>Shock</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first nursing action to take if a bacterial transfusion reaction is suspected?

    <p>Stop the transfusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following symptoms is NOT associated with a bacterial transfusion reaction?

    <p>Nausea and vomiting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done after stopping a transfusion suspected of causing a bacterial reaction?

    <p>Administer antibiotics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common finding associated with bacterial transfusion reactions?

    <p>Shock</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which action is NOT appropriate for managing a bacterial transfusion reaction?

    <p>Administer antihistamines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What conditions might increase the risk of circulatory overload during a blood transfusion?

    <p>Older age and preexisting increased circulatory volume</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following findings is NOT associated with circulatory overload during a transfusion?

    <p>Decreased blood pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the immediate nursing action to take when signs of circulatory overload appear during a transfusion?

    <p>Slow or stop the transfusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should the nurse do to manage a client experiencing circulatory overload?

    <p>Administer oxygen, diuretics, and morphine as prescribed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following positions is appropriate for a client experiencing symptoms of circulatory overload?

    <p>Upright with feet lower than the heart</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Blood Transfusions

    • Clients receive blood transfusions to replace lost blood or treat blood disorders.
    • Blood components include packed red blood cells, washed red blood cells, white blood cells, fresh frozen plasma, albumin, clotting factors, cryoprecipitate, and platelets.
    • Standard donation involves transfusion from a compatible donor.
    • Autologous transfusions are when a client's own blood is collected for future use (like for elective surgery).
    • Clients can donate up to 6 weeks before surgery and, if hemoglobin and hematocrit are stable, can donate weekly until the needed amount is collected.
    • Intraoperative blood salvage involves saving blood lost during surgery to reuse it during or after the procedure.
    • Saved blood must be reinfused within 6 hours of collection.

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    Description

    This quiz covers essential information related to blood transfusions, including types of blood components and donation processes. It also explains standard and autologous transfusions, as well as intraoperative blood salvage techniques. Test your knowledge on how clients receive blood and the protocols involved in transfusion therapies.

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