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Blood Transfusion Safety
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Blood Transfusion Safety

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Questions and Answers

What information should be documented before transfusion?

  • The risks and benefits of transfusion
  • The patient's medical history
  • The reason for transfusion, including relevant clinical and laboratory data (correct)
  • The patient's insurance information

    • What should be recorded during transfusion?

  • The patient's vital signs
  • The patient's family history
  • The patient's medical history
  • Details of staff members starting the transfusion (correct)

    • What is essential for communication between clinical staff and the laboratory?

  • Written or electronic communication (correct)
  • Telephone communication only
  • Verbal communication only
  • Fax communication only

    • Why is good communication important during staff handover?

    <p>To enhance the transfer of information</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be obtained and documented for blood transfusion?

    <p>Valid consent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must the transfusion 'prescription' contain?

    <p>Minimum patient identifiers and specify components to be transfused</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be included in requests for transfusion?

    <p>Minimum patient identifiers and gender</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is documentation important in transfusion?

    <p>To ensure accurate record-keeping</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is essential for diagnosing and transfusing patients?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How should pre-transfusion blood sampling be performed?

    <p>As one uninterrupted process by one staff member</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What information must be on the sample tube label?

    <p>Minimum patient identifiers, date, and time of sampling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why should handwritten labels be used?

    <p>They must be legible</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who should collect blood components from the laboratory?

    <p>Only trained and competent staff</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must be checked before delivering blood components to the clinical area?

    <p>Authorized documentation with minimum patient identifiers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where should the final check be conducted before administering the blood component?

    <p>Next to the patient</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it essential to positively identify patients before transfusion?

    <p>To ensure the correct patient receives the component</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the minimum time frame for completing a transfusion after leaving controlled temperature storage?

    <p>4 hours</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of using a blood administration set with an integral mesh filter?

    <p>To filter out impurities from the blood component</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be monitored and recorded during a transfusion reaction?

    <p>Pulse, blood pressure, temperature, and respiratory rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done to patients within 24 hours of transfusion?

    <p>Monitor them regularly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is essential for achieving blood transfusion safety in a hospital?

    <p>Adequate number of qualified, trained staff</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a component of the clinical transfusion process?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the transfusion safety officer?

    <p>To ensure transfusion safety</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can risks associated with transfusion be reduced at the hospital level?

    <p>By effective blood donor selection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of maintaining safe and effective procedures around blood collection and storage?

    <p>To ensure the quality of donated blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the minimum information required on a patient identification band for blood transfusions?

    <p>Last name, first name, date of birth, and unique patient ID number</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it essential to ask patients to state their full name and date of birth during blood sampling or transfusion?

    <p>To verify the patient's identity and match it with the information on the identification band</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the benefit of using electronic transfusion management systems in patient identification and blood component tracking?

    <p>It enhances the accuracy and legibility of patient identification and blood component tracking</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a critical aspect of transfusion documentation in the clinical record?

    <p>Including the minimum patient identifier and details of pre-transfusion, during transfusion, and post-transfusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the estimated number of people infected with HIV globally through the transfusion of unsafe blood?

    <p>Up to 4 million</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of using a patient identification band or risk-assessed equivalent in blood transfusions?

    <p>To ensure positive patient identification</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it essential to print the ID band from the hospital's computerized patient administration system, ideally at the bedside?

    <p>To reduce the risk of errors in patient identification</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a crucial component of a national blood program?

    <p>A national blood policy and plan</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of Haemovigilance system?

    <p>To manage adverse transfusion events</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be included in requests for transfusion?

    <p>Clinical and laboratory indications</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of rational use of blood products?

    <p>To meet patients' clinical needs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of quality systems and ongoing training?

    <p>To ensure quality blood products</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of the hospital blood bank/transfusion laboratory?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of red cell serology testing?

    <p>To identify compatible blood units</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be included in the national blood policy and plan?

    <p>Appropriate regulatory and legislative framework</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Blood Transfusion Safety

    • Blood transfusion is a vital component of healthcare delivery systems, but it carries the risk of infectious diseases transmission.
    • Maintaining safe and effective procedures around blood collection, storage, and use is essential to prevent infections transmission.

    Patient Identification

    • A patient identification band or equivalent should be worn by patients receiving a blood transfusion.
    • The minimum identifiers on the band include last name, first name, date of birth, and unique patient ID number.
    • Patients should be asked to state their full name and date of birth, which must match the information on the identification band.

    Documentation

    • All transfusion documentation should include minimum patient identifiers.
    • Pre-transfusion documentation should include the reason for transfusion, risks, benefits, and alternatives discussed with the patient, and consent.
    • During transfusion, documentation should include staff members starting the transfusion, date and time of transfusion, donation number, and observations made before, during, and after transfusion.
    • Post-transfusion documentation should include management and outcome of any transfusion reactions or adverse events.

    Communication

    • Verbal communication between clinical staff and the laboratory may result in misunderstanding or transcription error, so written or electronic communication is preferred.
    • Good communication is essential at times of staff handover between shifts, both on the wards and in the laboratory.
    • Valid consent for blood transfusion should be obtained and documented in the clinical record.
    • Signed consent for transfusion may be required locally.

    Authorising the Transfusion

    • The transfusion prescription must contain minimum patient identifiers, components to be transfused, date of transfusion, volume or number of units, and special requirements.

    Requests for Transfusion

    • Requests for transfusion must include minimum patient identifiers, diagnosis, and reason for transfusion, component required, volume or number of units, and special requirements.
    • The request should also include the name and contact number of the requester.

    Pre-transfusion Blood Sampling

    • All patients being sampled must be positively identified, and their details must match those on the request form.
    • Sample tubes must be labelled with minimum patient identifiers, date and time of sampling, and identity of the person taking the sample.

    Collection and Delivery of Blood Components

    • Trained and competent staff should collect blood components from the laboratory.
    • Authorized documentation with minimum patient identifiers must be checked against the label on the blood component.

    Administration to Patient

    • The final check must be conducted next to the patient by a trained and competent healthcare professional.
    • Minimum patient identifiers on the patient's identity band must exactly match those on the blood component label.

    Monitoring the Patient

    • Patients should be under regular visual observation, and minimum monitoring should include pulse, blood pressure, temperature, and respiratory rate before, during, and after transfusion.

    Hospital Requirements for Blood Transfusion Safety

    • A hospital must have an adequate stock of safe blood products, qualified and trained staff, a system for patient identification, patient information and consent, a transfusion safety officer, and a clinical transfusion process integrated into the hospital quality system.

    Transfusion Chain

    • Effective blood donor selection, effective donor blood testing, and use of new technology to increase blood safety can reduce risks associated with transfusion.

    Transfusion Guidelines and Protocols

    • Clinical and laboratory indications for the use of blood products, standard blood request forms, and standard operating procedures for the clinical transfusion process are essential.

    Education and Training

    • Training on blood safety and quality systems is essential for undergraduate and postgraduate programs, in-service training, and continuing medical education.

    National Blood Policy and Plan

    • A national blood policy and plan are essential components of an efficient and cost-effective national blood program.
    • The policy should include an appropriate regulatory and legislative framework, quality systems, and ongoing training.

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    Test your knowledge on blood transfusion, a vital component of healthcare delivery systems, and the importance of maintaining safe and effective procedures around blood donation and use.

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