Blood Transfusion MOSS
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Questions and Answers

Clinical settings in which a blood transfusion would be advisable

  • Severe blood loss (correct)
  • Acute hemorrhage (correct)
  • Chronic anemia (correct)
  • Bleeding disorders (correct)

    • Bleeding sites

    Suggests platelet or vascular abnormalities = Small surface areas Suggests clotting deficiencies = Bleeding into body cavities Epistaxis = Nosebleeds Hematuria = blood in urine

    Types of blood products available how to store them

    Used within 8 hours = Fresh whole blood Older than 8 hours = Stored whole blood Stored refrigerated for up to 37 days = pRBCs Must be frozen within 8 hours of collection, viable for 12 months = Fresh or fresh frozen plasma

    Types of blood products available and how to store/use them:

    <p>Stored up to 21 days or frozen up to 5 years = Stored plasma Stored frozen for up to 1 year = Cryoprecipitate Stored at room temperature for up to 5 days = Platelet rich plasma Storage depends on anticoagulants used; typically refrigerated = o Must be frozen within 8 hours of collection at -20°C.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Types of blood products available and how to store/use them:

    <p>Provides RBCs, WBCs, platelets, plasma, and coagulation factors. = Fresh whole blood Used for treating anemia. = pRBCs Used for hypoproteinemia. = Stored plasma Used for von Willebrand disease (VWD), hemophilia A, and hypofibrinogenemia. = Platelet rich plasma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Types of blood products available and how to store/use them:

    <p>Stored at room temperature during usage. = Fresh whole blood Provides RBCs and plasma proteins. = Stored whole blood Contains plasma, albumin, and coagulation factors (but not platelets). = Fresh or fresh frozen plasma Harvested by centrifuging fresh whole blood. = Platelet rich plasma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Types of blood products available and how to store/use them:

    <p>Used for low platelet counts or platelet dysfunction. = Platelet rich plasma Used for von Willebrand disease (VWD), hemophilia A, and hypofibrinogenemia. = Cryoprecipitate Used for coagulation factor deficiencies, liver disease, DIC, and rodenticide toxicity. = Fresh or fresh frozen plasma Product you get when plasma is extracted from whole blood = pRBCs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Fresh or fresh frozen plasma is viable for

    <p>12 months</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Provides plasma proteins only

    <p>Stored plasma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Harvested from thawed FFP and centrifuged

    <p>Cryoprecipitate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Whole blood should be mixed periodically to maintain viability during storage.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Blood products do not need to be warmed to room temperature before use

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What blood product will you use

    <p>Massive hemorrhage, DIC, or thrombocytopenia = Fresh whole blood Anemia (for oxygen-carrying capacity). = Packed RBCs Coagulation deficiencies, liver disease, DIC, rodenticide toxicity. = Fresh/Fresh frozen plasma</p> <ul> <li>= -</li> </ul> Signup and view all the answers

    What blood product will you use

    <p>Hypoproteinemia. = Stored plasma VWD, hemophilia A, hypofibrinogenemia. = Cryoprecipitate Low platelet counts or dysfunction. = Platelet-rich plasma</p> <ul> <li>= -</li> </ul> Signup and view all the answers

    Dogs negative for _____ are considered universal donors

    <p>DEA 1.1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    DEA antigens most likely to cause transfusion reactions

    <p>DEA 1.1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In feline blood groups, type A is most common in _________

    <p>The USA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The universal donor for cats is type AB

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Type A blood given to a type B cat can cause severe reactions, even death.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Preserves blood for up to 35 days

    <p>Citrate-Phosphate-Dextrose-Adenine (CPDA-1)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Preserves blood for 21 days

    <p>Citrate-Phosphate-Dextrose (CPD)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Has no preservative effect; must be used within 24-48 hours

    <p>Sodium Citrate 3.8%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    After massive hemorrhage, PCV doesnt drop until 6 hours post bleeding due to splenic contractions and vasoconstriction

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first sign of severe blood loss

    <p>Decreased TP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Decisions to transfusions need to be based on lab results rather than clinical signs

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Large quantities of blood are needed to significantly raise the PLT count, therefore PLT rich plasma is preferred for replacing PLTs

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Transfusions can initiate or accelerate a hemolytic crisis and increase production of antibodies directed against RBCs

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Transfusions are given in order to bring the PCV back to normal

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Contains/provides RBCs, WBCs, PLTs, plasma and coagulation factors

    <p>Fresh whole blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Used for conditions involving thrombocytopenia, DIC, massive hemorrhage

    <p>Fresh whole blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Provides RBCs and plasma proteins

    <p>Stored blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Restores blood volume and oxygen carrying capacity

    <p>Stored whole blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Used to treat anemia

    <p>Packed RBCs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Byproduct of the harvesting of packed RBCs from fresh whole blood, provides albumin, plasma, and coagulation factors (no platelets)

    <p>Fresh/Fresh frozen plasma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Used from treating animals with coagulation actor deficiencies, liver disease, DIC, and rodenticide toxicity

    <p>Fresh/Fresh frozen plasma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    By product of harvesting packed RBCs from stored whole blood, provides plasma proteins only

    <p>Stored plasma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Used to treat VWD, hemophilia A and hypofibrinogenemia

    <p>Cryoprecipitate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Stored at room temp for up to 5 days, should be agitated occasionally and is used in treating animals with low PLT numbers and PLT dysfunction

    <p>PLT rich plasma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How soon can DEA 1.1, DEA 1.2 and DEA 7 antigens develop transfusion reactions from mismatched blood

    <p>4-14 days post transfusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If multiple transfusions are needed the blood needs to be crossed matched to detect donor-recipient incompatibility

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for this phenomenon: •Queen is type B and Bred to a type A • Produce type A kittens •When they receive the antibodies from the colostrum, the antibodies destroy the RBCs of the kittens

    <p>Neonatal isoerythrolysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    AB type cats can be transfused with A type blood generally without any significant problems

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Once a blood container has been entered the product should be used

    <p>Within 24 hours</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Blood can be warmed by heating up in the microwave for 7 seconds at a time

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    IV administration preferred, usually cephalic vein is used, and rate vary but should not exceed

    <p>22/ml/kg/hr</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Transfusion induced fever is due to the response of the donor to foreign proteins, the initial step to stop this kind of reaction is to increase the rate of transfusions

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

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