15 Questions
Which nerve is responsible for the innervation of glands in the nasal cavity?
Facial nerve
Which artery is involved in a patient with nose bleed?
Sphenopalatine artery
Which nerve is triggered when a person gets punched in the face?
Anterior ethmoidal branch of V1
In a nose surgery, a patient gets a cut in their middle nasal concha, which nerve is triggered?
Maxillary nerve
Which vein is responsible for draining the submucous venous plexus of the nasal cavity?
Veins accompanying the arteries
Which of the following sinuses is most commonly infected?
Maxillary sinus
Which of the following is a characteristic of the Ethmoid Sinuses?
Contain anterior, middle, and posterior parts
What is a characteristic of the Sphenoidal Sinuses?
They lie within the body of the sphenoid bone
What can happen if the nasal drainage is blocked?
Infections may spread through the fragile medial wall of the orbit
Which of the following is a characteristic of the Maxillary Sinus?
All of the above
What is the primary function of the ciliary action of the columnar cells in the paranasal sinuses?
To move mucus into the nose
Which of the following is NOT a function of the paranasal sinuses?
Helping to regulate body temperature
What is the name of the gap in the cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone that allows for the passage of olfactory fibers?
Cribriform plate foramen
Lymph vessels from the posterior 2/3 of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses drain into which lymph nodes?
Retropharyngeal lymph nodes
Which nerve branch is responsible for the innervation of the nasal septum?
Cut nasopalatine branch of V2
Study Notes
Blood Supply to the Nasal Cavity
- The sphenopalatine artery is the most important branch of the maxillary artery and anastomoses with the septal branch of the superior labial branch of the facial artery in the region of the vestibule.
- The submucous venous plexus is drained by veins that accompany the arteries.
Nasal Cavity
- The nasal cavity is an important part of the body’s thermoregulatory system, exchanging heat and warming air before it enters the lungs.
- The anterosuperior region of the nasal cavity is innervated by the opthalmic nerve, while the posteroinferior region is innervated by the maxillary nerve.
- All glands in the nasal cavity are innervated by the facial nerve (greater petrosal nerve).
- Sympathetic fibers are derived from the T1 nerve.
Nerve Supply of the Nasal Cavity
- Olfactory nerves from the olfactory mucous membrane ascend through the cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone to the olfactory bulbs.
- The nerves of ordinary sensation are branches of the ophthalmic division (V1) and the maxillary division (V2) of the trigeminal nerve.
Sinuses
- The paranasal sinuses are cavities found in the interior of the maxilla, frontal, sphenoid, and ethmoid bones.
- They are lined with mucoperiosteum and filled with air.
- They communicate with the nasal cavity through relatively small apertures.
Sphenoidal Sinuses
- Located within the body of the sphenoid bone.
- Below sella turcica.
- Opens into the sphenoethmoidal recess above the superior concha.
Ethmoid Sinuses
- Contained within the ethmoid bone, between the nose and the orbit.
- Anterior and middle sinuses drain into the middle nasal meatus, while posterior sinuses drain into the superior nasal meatus.
Maxillary Sinus
- Pyramidal in shape.
- Paired and symmetric.
- Located within the body of the maxilla behind the skin of the cheek.
- The roof is formed by the floor of the orbit, and the floor is related to the roots of the 2nd premolars and 1st molar teeth.
- Opens into the middle meatus of the nose.
Clinical Notes
- Examination of the paranasal sinuses is important in diagnosing sinusitis and basal skull fracture.
- The maxillary sinuses are the most commonly infected due to their high ostium and poor drainage.
- Infection of ethmoidal cells can spread to the orbit through the fragile medial wall.
Blood Supply and Innervation of the Sinuses
- Blood supply is through the maxillary artery and its branches.
- Innervation is through the trigeminal nerve and its branches.
Special Innervation of the Nasal Cavity
- Olfactory bulbs are found in the frontal lobe, just above the orbit.
- Olfactory tract connects the olfactory bulbs to the olfactory cortex.
Lymphatic Drainage
- Lymph vessels from the anterior part of the nasal cavity and external nose drain into submandibular lymph nodes.
- Lymph vessels from the posterior 2/3 of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses drain into retropharyngeal lymph nodes.
This quiz covers the blood supply to the nasal cavity, including the branches of the maxillary artery and the anastomosis of the sphenopalatine artery with the facial artery.
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