Blood Stem Cells and Stem Cell Treatment Quiz

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What is the main purpose of mitosis?

To generate energy for the cell

To produce haploid cells for sexual reproduction

To create genetic diversity in offspring

To produce genetically identical daughter cells (correct)

Which phase of the cell cycle involves DNA replication?

Interphase (correct)

Metaphase

Anaphase

Telophase

What occurs during interphase of the cell cycle?

DNA replication and preparation for cell division (correct)

Genetic recombination and chromosome sorting

Cytoplasm division and nuclear membrane breakdown

Formation of daughter cells

In mitosis, what happens during prophase?

Nuclear membrane breaks down Signup and view all the answers

Which term best describes a cell that has two full sets of chromosomes?

Diploid Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of replication?

Copying of DNA during interphase Signup and view all the answers

Why can blood stem cells only produce blood cells?

They are multipotent and can only differentiate into some cells. Signup and view all the answers

How could treatment with stem cells lead to cancer?

Uncontrolled division of stem cells can result in tumor formation. Signup and view all the answers

Why might a patient's own immune system reject stem cell treatment?

The immune system does not recognize the foreign stem cells. Signup and view all the answers

How does a sensory neurone adapt to its function?

By receiving stimuli and converting them into electrical impulses. Signup and view all the answers

What is the nervous system primarily composed of?

The central nervous system, containing brain and spinal cord. Signup and view all the answers

Define 'Impulse' in the context of the nervous system.

An electrical signal transmitted along a neuron. Signup and view all the answers

What happens during anaphase of mitosis?

Chromosome copies are separated and moved to opposite ends of the cell Signup and view all the answers

How much of the total cell cycle time in an onion cell is spent on mitosis?

30% Signup and view all the answers

After one cell division by mitosis, how many cells are produced from one fertilized egg?

1 cell Signup and view all the answers

What process causes the divided cells to become specialized?

Differentiation Signup and view all the answers

How long, in minutes, does an onion cell spend in interphase during a cell division cycle?

42 minutes Signup and view all the answers

Which process involves cells dividing by mitosis and NOT by meiosis?

Tissue repair Signup and view all the answers

Why does Guillain-Barré syndrome lead to reduced movement of the legs?

Due to loss of the myelin sheath, causing incorrect transmission of electrical impulses to the muscles. Signup and view all the answers

Why are there few synapses between a receptor and effector in a reflex arc?

To increase the speed of electrical impulse transmission with fewer neurotransmitters needed. Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of relay neurons in a reflex arc?

Transmit electrical impulses from sensory neurons to motor neurons. Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes motor neurons and relay neurons from sensory neurons?

Absence of dendrites at the end of the axon. Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of having reflexes in the human body?

To enable rapid responses to stimuli for survival. Signup and view all the answers

What are the main components of the nervous system that control movement?

Brain and spinal cord Signup and view all the answers

What is the main responsibility of the cerebral cortex?

Responsible for senses and languages Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the brain controls breathing and heart rate?

Medulla oblongata Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the blood vessels in the nerves?

Provide the oxygen and glucose for aerobic respiration in neurons Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes a nerve from a neuron?

Nerves are a collection of neurons, blood vessels, and fibers Signup and view all the answers

Why might a surgeon benefit from having a larger cerebellum than usual?

To enhance motor control and fine motor skills Signup and view all the answers

How does alcohol consumption affect a person's balance?

Reduces the ability of a neuron to transmit an impulse Signup and view all the answers