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Questions and Answers
A decreased plasma oncotic pressure is caused by:
A decreased plasma oncotic pressure is caused by:
- dehydration and "tenting."
- a hypoxemia-induced polycythemia.
- leukocytosis.
- loss of plasma proteins, such as albumin. (correct)
If plasma oncotic pressure exceeds capillary pressure,
If plasma oncotic pressure exceeds capillary pressure,
- blood volume decreases.
- plasma proteins diffuse from the capillary into the interstitium.
- more fluid is filtered from the capillary into the interstitium.
- more fluid moves into the capillary from the interstitium. (correct)
Which of the following exerts a vasopressor effect?
Which of the following exerts a vasopressor effect?
- BNP
- ADH (correct)
- Both BNP and ANP
- ANP
Loss of speech, paralysis, and possible death can be caused by:
Loss of speech, paralysis, and possible death can be caused by:
The disappearance of Korotkoff sounds:
The disappearance of Korotkoff sounds:
Which of the following is most related to the systolic reading, diastolic reading, and Korotkoff sounds?
Which of the following is most related to the systolic reading, diastolic reading, and Korotkoff sounds?
If the left ventricle of the heart fails, blood backs up in the pulmonary capillary,
If the left ventricle of the heart fails, blood backs up in the pulmonary capillary,
While "taking" a blood pressure, you record the first Korotkoff sounds as the:
While "taking" a blood pressure, you record the first Korotkoff sounds as the:
Which statement is not true about baroreceptors?
Which statement is not true about baroreceptors?
Your patient's initial blood pressure was 155/95 mm Hg. After 10 minutes, his blood pressure was 125/75 mm Hg. Which of the following best reflects this observation?
Your patient's initial blood pressure was 155/95 mm Hg. After 10 minutes, his blood pressure was 125/75 mm Hg. Which of the following best reflects this observation?
Plasma oncotic pressure is caused primarily by:
Plasma oncotic pressure is caused primarily by:
Which of the following is a consequence of sympathetic nerve stimulation?
Which of the following is a consequence of sympathetic nerve stimulation?
Which blood vessels have very thin walls and are called the exchange vessels?
Which blood vessels have very thin walls and are called the exchange vessels?
Which of the following is true regarding the sympathetic and parasympathetic arms of the baroreceptor reflex? They carry:
Which of the following is true regarding the sympathetic and parasympathetic arms of the baroreceptor reflex? They carry:
If a child with nephrotic syndrome loses large amounts of albumin in the urine (albuminuria),
If a child with nephrotic syndrome loses large amounts of albumin in the urine (albuminuria),
Why does blood flow from the arterial side of the circulation to the venous side of the circulation?
Why does blood flow from the arterial side of the circulation to the venous side of the circulation?
Which of the following is a true statement regarding baroreceptors?
Which of the following is a true statement regarding baroreceptors?
To maintain a consistent cardiac output, what happens to SV as HR increases?
To maintain a consistent cardiac output, what happens to SV as HR increases?
Baroreceptors:
Baroreceptors:
Which of the following is most likely to develop if the pressure in the pulmonary capillaries increases?
Which of the following is most likely to develop if the pressure in the pulmonary capillaries increases?
Which of the following is most likely to induce carotid sinus syncope?
Which of the following is most likely to induce carotid sinus syncope?
Edema is least likely to occur in which of the following situations?
Edema is least likely to occur in which of the following situations?
If capillary pressure exceeds plasma oncotic pressure,
If capillary pressure exceeds plasma oncotic pressure,
Which of the following is not true of the Valsalva maneuver?
Which of the following is not true of the Valsalva maneuver?
Systemic vascular resistance decreases when the:
Systemic vascular resistance decreases when the:
Flashcards
Functions of Blood Vessels
Functions of Blood Vessels
Blood vessels circulate blood throughout the body, delivering nutrients and oxygen.
Arteries
Arteries
Blood vessels that carry oxygen-rich blood away from the heart.
Veins
Veins
Blood vessels that carry oxygen-poor blood back to the heart.
Capillaries
Capillaries
Tiny blood vessels where gas and nutrient exchange occurs.
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Oxygen Transport
Oxygen Transport
The process of oxygen moving from the lungs into the blood and to the cells.
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Nutrient Delivery
Nutrient Delivery
Nutrients are transported from digested food to body cells via blood.
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Blood Pressure
Blood Pressure
The force of blood against the walls of blood vessels.
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Vein Valves
Vein Valves
Structures in veins that prevent backflow of blood.
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Aorta
Aorta
The largest artery in the body that carries blood from the heart to the body.
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Pulmonary Circulation
Pulmonary Circulation
The part of the circulatory system that moves blood between the heart and lungs.
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Systemic Circulation
Systemic Circulation
The portion of the circulatory system that carries oxygenated blood to the body and returns deoxygenated blood to the heart.
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Endothelium
Endothelium
The thin layer of cells lining blood vessels.
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Vasodilation
Vasodilation
The widening of blood vessels to increase blood flow.
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Vasoconstriction
Vasoconstriction
The narrowing of blood vessels to reduce blood flow.
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Blood volume regulation
Blood volume regulation
The control of the amount of blood in the circulatory system, crucial for maintaining blood pressure.
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Hypoxia
Hypoxia
A condition in which there is insufficient oxygen in tissues.
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Thrombosis
Thrombosis
The formation of a blood clot inside a blood vessel.
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Atherosclerosis
Atherosclerosis
A condition characterized by the buildup of fatty deposits in arteries.
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Circulatory System
Circulatory System
The system that circulates blood throughout the body, consisting of the heart and blood vessels.
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Arterial Disease
Arterial Disease
Conditions that affect arteries, often leading to restricted blood flow.
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Vein Compression
Vein Compression
The pressure applied to veins that can potentially cause blood flow issues.
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Regulation of body temperature
Regulation of body temperature
The blood vessels contribute to maintaining body temperature by changing diameter.
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Embolism
Embolism
The blockage of a blood vessel by a clot or other foreign material.
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Lymphatic System
Lymphatic System
A network that helps to remove waste and maintain fluid balance, working closely with blood vessels.
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Endarterectomy
Endarterectomy
A surgical procedure to remove plaque from arteries.
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Pericardium
Pericardium
The fibrous sac surrounding the heart, protecting and supporting it.
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Hemostasis
Hemostasis
The process which prevents and stops bleeding or hemorrhage.
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Myocardial Infarction
Myocardial Infarction
Commonly known as a heart attack, occurring when blood flow to the heart is blocked.
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Question 1
- A decreased plasma oncotic pressure is caused by a loss of plasma proteins, such as albumin.
Question 2
- If plasma oncotic pressure exceeds capillary pressure, more fluid moves into the capillary from the interstitium.
Question 3
- ADH exerts a vasopressor effect.
Question 4
- Loss of speech, paralysis, and possible death can be caused by rupture of a blood vessel in the brain.
Question 5
- The disappearance of Korotkoff sounds indicates that blood flow has been restored in the previously occluded blood vessel and is recorded as the diastolic reading.
Question 6
- Blood pressure is most related to systolic reading, diastolic reading, and Korotkoff sounds.
Question 7
- If the left ventricle fails, blood backs up in the pulmonary capillary, increasing capillary pressure and forcing fluid into the lungs.
Question 8
- While taking a blood pressure, the first Korotkoff sounds indicate the systolic reading.
Question 9
- Baroreceptors are not activated by hypoxemia.
Question 10
- White coat hypertension best reflects the observation of a patient's initial blood pressure decreasing from 155/95 mm Hg to 125/75 mm Hg after 10 minutes.
Question 11
- Plasma oncotic pressure is primarily caused by plasma proteins, especially albumin.
Question 12
- Consequence of sympathetic nerve stimulation include increased myocardial force of contraction, peripheral vasoconstriction, and increased systemic vascular resistance.
Question 13
- Capillaries are the exchange vessels with thin walls.
Question 14
- The sympathetic and parasympathetic arms of the baroreceptor reflex carry motor information from the spinal cord to the heart and blood vessels.
Question 15
- If a child with nephrotic syndrome loses large amounts of albumin in the urine, plasma oncotic pressure decreases, and edema develops.
Question 16
- Blood flows from the arterial side to the venous side of the circulation because arterial pressure is higher than venous pressure.
Question 17
- Baroreceptors are located in the carotid sinus and aortic arch.
Question 18
- To maintain a consistent cardiac output, stroke volume decreases as heart rate increases.
Question 19
- Baroreceptors are located in the carotid sinus and aortic arch and sense changes in blood pressure.
Question 20
- Pulmonary edema is most likely to develop if pulmonary capillary pressure increases.
Question 21
- Exertion of pressure over the carotid sinus (tight collar) is most likely to induce carotid sinus syncope.
Question 22
- Edema is least likely to occur when plasma osmolarity increases.
Question 23
- If capillary pressure exceeds plasma oncotic pressure, more fluid leaves the capillaries to enter the interstitium.
Question 24
- Forced exhalation does not decrease pressure in the chest during the Valsalva maneuver.
Question 25
- Systemic vascular resistance decreases when arterioles dilate.
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