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Questions and Answers
What is blood pressure?
What is blood pressure?
Blood pressure is the force of the blood pushing against the artery walls during contraction and relaxation of the heart.
What are the two numbers recorded when measuring blood pressure?
What are the two numbers recorded when measuring blood pressure?
What is the normal blood pressure range for an adult?
What is the normal blood pressure range for an adult?
Systolic of less than 120 and Diastolic of less than 80 (120/80)
The __________ pressure refers to the pressure inside the artery when the heart is at rest and is filling with blood.
The __________ pressure refers to the pressure inside the artery when the heart is at rest and is filling with blood.
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What is the purpose of a sphygmomanometer in blood pressure measurement?
What is the purpose of a sphygmomanometer in blood pressure measurement?
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The first knocking sound when using a sphygmomanometer indicates diastolic pressure.
The first knocking sound when using a sphygmomanometer indicates diastolic pressure.
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What is an advantage of using a sphygmomanometer?
What is an advantage of using a sphygmomanometer?
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What is the purpose of the bladder in a sphygmomanometer?
What is the purpose of the bladder in a sphygmomanometer?
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What is the correct position of the cuff during blood pressure measurement?
What is the correct position of the cuff during blood pressure measurement?
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What is the purpose of the valve in a sphygmomanometer?
What is the purpose of the valve in a sphygmomanometer?
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How much of the circumference of the upper arm should the cuff bladder cover?
How much of the circumference of the upper arm should the cuff bladder cover?
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What is the first sound heard during blood pressure measurement using a sphygmomanometer?
What is the first sound heard during blood pressure measurement using a sphygmomanometer?
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What is the purpose of the bulb in a sphygmomanometer?
What is the purpose of the bulb in a sphygmomanometer?
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What is the palpation method used for?
What is the palpation method used for?
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What is the primary factor that affects blood pressure during contraction of the heart?
What is the primary factor that affects blood pressure during contraction of the heart?
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Which part of the stethoscope transmits high-pitched sounds?
Which part of the stethoscope transmits high-pitched sounds?
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Why is it important to keep the mercury sphygmomanometer in an upright position?
Why is it important to keep the mercury sphygmomanometer in an upright position?
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What is the unit of measurement for blood pressure?
What is the unit of measurement for blood pressure?
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Which of the following is NOT a factor that determines blood pressure?
Which of the following is NOT a factor that determines blood pressure?
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What is the purpose of the earpieces in a stethoscope?
What is the purpose of the earpieces in a stethoscope?
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What happens if the mercury sphygmomanometer is dropped accidentally?
What happens if the mercury sphygmomanometer is dropped accidentally?
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Which method of blood pressure measurement uses a stethoscope and sphygmomanometer?
Which method of blood pressure measurement uses a stethoscope and sphygmomanometer?
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Study Notes
Blood Pressure
- Blood pressure is the force of blood pushing against artery walls during heart contractions and relaxations.
- It has two numbers: systolic pressure (higher number) and diastolic pressure (lower number), both measured in mm Hg.
- Normal blood pressure is systolic < 120 and diastolic < 80 (120/80).
Factors Determining Blood Pressure
- Cardiac output
- Peripheral resistance
- Viscosity
- Blood volume
- Gravity
Methods of Blood Pressure Measurement
Ascultatory Method
- Uses a stethoscope and sphygmomanometer
- Stethoscope parts:
- Earpieces: fit snugly, follow natural curve of ear canal, point towards face
- Tubing: 12-18 inches long, longer tubing decreases sound wave transmission
- Diaphragm: circular, flat surface, transmits high-pitched sounds
- Bell: bowl-shaped, transmits low-pitched sounds
- Mercury sphygmomanometer:
- Most conventional form of blood pressure apparatus
- Consists of manually inflatable cuffs attached to mercury-infused tubes
- Parts:
- Storage of mercury and graduated tube
- Bladder: inflatable bag to compress arm and occlude artery
- Cuff: designed to hold bladder around arm during measurement
- Valve: deflation valve to control cuff
- Bulb: used to pump air into cuff
- Procedure to use a sphygmomanometer:
- Wrap cuff around upper arm with lower edge one inch above antecubital fossa
- Cuff must be at heart level
- Press stethoscope's bell lightly over brachial artery
- Close valve, compress bulb, and monitor mercury gauge
- Open valve and monitor first knocking sound (systolic pressure) and last sound (diastolic pressure)
Palpation Method
- Uses a jest sphygmomanometer and palpation of puls
- Procedure:
- Wrap cuff around upper arm with lower edge one inch above antecubital fossa
- Open valve, close valve of bulb, and compress bulb
- Monitor mercury gauge and first sound (systolic pressure)
Blood Pressure
- Blood pressure is the force of blood pushing against artery walls during heart contractions and relaxations.
- It has two numbers: systolic pressure (higher number) and diastolic pressure (lower number), both measured in mm Hg.
- Normal blood pressure is systolic < 120 and diastolic < 80 (120/80).
Factors Determining Blood Pressure
- Cardiac output
- Peripheral resistance
- Viscosity
- Blood volume
- Gravity
Methods of Blood Pressure Measurement
Ascultatory Method
- Uses a stethoscope and sphygmomanometer
- Stethoscope parts:
- Earpieces: fit snugly, follow natural curve of ear canal, point towards face
- Tubing: 12-18 inches long, longer tubing decreases sound wave transmission
- Diaphragm: circular, flat surface, transmits high-pitched sounds
- Bell: bowl-shaped, transmits low-pitched sounds
- Mercury sphygmomanometer:
- Most conventional form of blood pressure apparatus
- Consists of manually inflatable cuffs attached to mercury-infused tubes
- Parts:
- Storage of mercury and graduated tube
- Bladder: inflatable bag to compress arm and occlude artery
- Cuff: designed to hold bladder around arm during measurement
- Valve: deflation valve to control cuff
- Bulb: used to pump air into cuff
- Procedure to use a sphygmomanometer:
- Wrap cuff around upper arm with lower edge one inch above antecubital fossa
- Cuff must be at heart level
- Press stethoscope's bell lightly over brachial artery
- Close valve, compress bulb, and monitor mercury gauge
- Open valve and monitor first knocking sound (systolic pressure) and last sound (diastolic pressure)
Palpation Method
- Uses a jest sphygmomanometer and palpation of puls
- Procedure:
- Wrap cuff around upper arm with lower edge one inch above antecubital fossa
- Open valve, close valve of bulb, and compress bulb
- Monitor mercury gauge and first sound (systolic pressure)
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Description
Learn about blood pressure, its definition, and how it's measured. Understand systolic and diastolic pressure readings.
