36 Questions
Which manifestation is common in both respiratory acidosis and alkalosis?
Lethargy
What is a potential cause of respiratory alkalosis?
Severe stress
Which intervention should a nurse consider for a client with metabolic acidosis?
Providing sodium bicarbonate
What is a potential manifestation of metabolic alkalosis?
Nausea and vomiting
Which condition results in metabolic acidosis due to lack of bicarbonate?
Pancreatitis
What is a potential reason for metabolic alkalosis?
Hypokalemia
Which manifestation can indicate respiratory alkalosis?
Tremors
What is a treatment option for severe metabolic alkalosis?
Providing sodium bicarbonate
Which intervention is crucial for both respiratory acidosis and alkalosis?
Monitoring lung sounds
What is a potential cause of respiratory acidosis?
Infection
What is the primary role of an arterial blood gas (ABG) analysis?
To determine the acid-base balance in the body
What is the primary cause of respiratory acidosis?
Inability to remove carbon dioxide from the body
Which of the following is NOT a potential cause of respiratory acidosis?
Kidney failure
In metabolic disorders, what is the relationship between the pH and the HCO3– levels?
The pH and HCO3– levels change in the same direction
What is the body's primary compensatory mechanism for metabolic acidosis?
Increasing the rate and depth of respirations to excrete CO2
Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding the interpretation of ABG results?
A low pH and high HCO3– indicate metabolic alkalosis
What is the expected range for the partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2) in a normal ABG analysis?
35 to 45 mm Hg
In respiratory disorders, what is the relationship between the pH and the PaCO2 levels?
The pH and PaCO2 levels change in opposite directions
What is the expected range for the bicarbonate (HCO3–) level in a normal ABG analysis?
21 to 28 mEq/L
What is the primary role of the kidneys in maintaining acid-base balance?
Filtering and regulating hydrogen ions and bicarbonate
What pH level is considered acidic in human blood?
Less than 7.35
Which organ system helps maintain blood pH within the normal range?
Respiratory system
What pH value indicates alkalosis in human blood?
7.8
What is the purpose of chemical buffers in maintaining blood pH?
Help maintain homeostasis
Which compound do the kidneys utilize to regulate blood pH?
Bicarbonate (HCO3–)
At what pH level does death occur in human blood?
Greater than 7.8
Which laboratory evaluation is used to interpret acid–base balance in the body?
Arterial blood gas (ABG)
What role do lactic acid, amino acids, and plasma proteins play in maintaining homeostasis of acidic and basic compounds in the blood?
Help maintain homeostasis
What happens if the blood pH deviates significantly from the expected range in infants, older adults, and clients with chronic diseases?
Risk for decompensation
What process do the lungs utilize to help maintain blood pH within the normal range?
Produce carbonic acid
What is the body doing in response to metabolic alkalosis?
Retaining acid by slowing the respiratory rate
In respiratory acidosis, what is the role of the kidneys?
Increase bicarbonate retention
What is one potential cause of respiratory alkalosis?
Hypoxia
Why are ABGs important in clinical practice?
To determine acid-base imbalances
What does a client experiencing metabolic acidosis exhibit?
Elevated carbon dioxide levels
In which condition would a nurse initiate seizure precautions and continuous cardiac monitoring?
Metabolic alkalosis
Test your knowledge about blood pH and its importance in determining acidity or alkalinity levels in the body. Learn about the pH scale, acidosis, alkalosis, and the critical pH range for human blood.
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