Blood Glucose Estimation: Understanding Diabetes and Glucose Tests

What is the characteristic of Type-1 Diabetes Mellitus?

Glucose intolerance only during pregnancy
Absolute insulin deficiency (correct)
Insulin resistance and relative insulin deficiency
Impaired glucose tolerance

Which type of diabetes is associated with pancreatic diseases and endocrine diseases?

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Other types of diabetes (correct)
Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus
Type-1 Diabetes Mellitus

What is the characteristic of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus?

Glucose intolerance during pregnancy (correct)
Insulin resistance and relative insulin deficiency
Absolute insulin deficiency
Impaired glucose tolerance

How many main types of diabetes are described in the text?

5 (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for impaired glucose tolerance?

Impaired Glucose Tolerance (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the primary purposes of glucose tests in blood?

To diagnose diabetes mellitus, prediabetes and gestational diabetes (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the process by which glucose is stored in the body?

Glycogenesis (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for an abnormal low blood glucose level?

Hypoglycemia (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the process by which glucose is converted into fat or other types of carbohydrates?

Conversion (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the factor that affects the demand for glucose in the body?

All of the above (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary defect in most cases of Type 2 DM?

Insulin resistance (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of Type 1 diabetes?

Acute onset (A) Signup and view all the answers

What do diabetics need to monitor several times a day?

Glucose levels (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is a common characteristic of people with Type 2 diabetes?

Obese habitus (C) Signup and view all the answers

What happens to insulin secretion in Type 2 DM over time?

It increases initially and then decreases (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of adding 5 ml glacial acetic acid to the urine container during glucose estimation?

To inhibit bacterial activity (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is a common age range for the onset of Type 2 diabetes?

Middle-aged and elderly (after age 35 years) (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal result of a Random Blood Glucose test?

Below 125 mg/dl (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the requirement for a Fasting Blood Glucose test?

The patient should fast from all types of foods and drinks except water (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of a blood glucose level below 180 mg/dl in a Random Blood Glucose test?

It does not rule out diabetes (A) Signup and view all the answers

Why is the time of the last meal important in a Random Blood Glucose test?

It affects the accuracy of the test results (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the estimated blood glucose level that suggests a diagnosis of overt or clinical diabetes mellitus?

More than 126 mg/dl (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the enzyme used in the enzymatic method of blood glucose estimation?

Glucose Oxidase (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the condition of an individual with a confirmed FBG level between 100 and 126 mg/dl?

Pre-diabetic (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the product of the oxidation reaction in the enzymatic method of glucose estimation?

Gluconate (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of estimating blood glucose levels after 2 hours of a meal?

To diagnose overt or clinical diabetes mellitus (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the method of blood glucose estimation that measures the average blood glucose levels over a period of 2-3 months?

Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) method (B) Signup and view all the answers