Blood Composition and Functions Quiz

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Which component of blood is responsible for carrying oxygen to the body's tissues?

Plasma

Platelets

Red blood cells (correct)

White blood cells

What is the primary function of white blood cells in the body?

Fighting infections (correct)

Carrying oxygen

Transporting nutrients

Helping with blood clotting

What is the role of platelets in the composition of blood?

Carrying oxygen to the body's tissues

Fighting infections and diseases

Assisting in blood clotting and wound healing (correct)

Transporting nutrients and waste products

What is the main component of blood plasma?

Water Signup and view all the answers

Which component of blood makes up the largest percentage in the composition of blood?

Plasma Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal range of hematocrit (Hct) in males?

40-50% Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of erythrocytes (red blood cells)?

Presence of a nucleus Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of erythrocytes (red blood cells)?

Carrying oxygen Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal range of hematocrit (Hct) in females?

Between 30% and 40% Signup and view all the answers

Which type of white blood cell is responsible for phagocytosis?

Monocyte Signup and view all the answers

Which white blood cell is involved in producing antibodies?

Lymphocyte Signup and view all the answers

What is the size range of white blood cells?

10-20mm Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about platelets?

They have a lifespan of 7-14 days Signup and view all the answers

What is the origin of platelets?

They are produced in the bone marrow Signup and view all the answers

Which cell in the body gives rise to platelets?

Megakaryocytes Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the primary function of albumin in plasma?

Transporting substances such as drugs and hormones Signup and view all the answers

Which type of plasma protein is responsible for blood clotting?

Fibrinogen Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a function of proteins in blood plasma?

Regulating pH by binding H+ or OH- Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the pressure exerted by proteins in blood plasma?

Oncotic pressure Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about oncotic pressure?

It is the pressure that draws water into the capillary system Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of hydrostatic pressure in capillaries?

To drive fluid out of the capillary system Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between oncotic pressure and osmotic pressure?

Oncotic pressure is a proportion of the osmotic pressure due to proteins Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the primary function of oncotic pressure in capillaries?

To reduce water potential in the capillary Signup and view all the answers

What happens to oncotic pressure as blood flows towards the venule?

It increases Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of hydrostatic pressure in capillaries?

To maintain diffusion equilibrium between the interstitial space and capillary Signup and view all the answers

Why can't proteins cross through the capillary wall?

They are too large Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of high pressure in arteries on water movement in capillaries?

It causes water movement out of the capillary Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of high hydrostatic pressure in capillaries on fluid gain?

It leads to loss of fluid from capillaries Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of low hydrostatic pressure in capillaries on fluid gain?

It leads to gain of fluid due to oncotic pressure Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of decreased oncotic pressure (less protein in plasma) on fluid gain?

It leads to less gain of fluid Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a cause of oedema (edema)?

Increased oncotic pressure Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of the lymphatic system in relation to oedema?

Removing waste products Signup and view all the answers

Which immune cell releases chemical mediators that can cause localised swelling and oedema?

Mast cells Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following conditions is characterized by localized swelling and is caused by the release of chemical mediators, such as histamine, by immune cells?

Angioedema Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of localized oedema following the removal of lymph nodes?

Increased capillary permeability Signup and view all the answers