Module 8

They contain Hemoglobin (Hgb) which carries Oxygen to the different tissues of the body. They also contain enzymes (Carbonic anhydrases) that catalyze the reaction between CO2 and water to become Carbonic acid.

It transports oxygen and other nutrients.

Generally biconcave discs, non-nucleated, and non-motile.

Increase in the number of circulating RBC.

Decrease in the number of circulating RBC.

1 WBC: __ RBC

The younger the Red Blood Cell, the _____ it is.

Listed below are the Hemopoietic Organs except:

___ = embryonic life

Oval, nucleated, and non-motile.

__ = main organ of production during second trimester of gestation (spleen and lymph nodes are also active)

As the RBC mature, it _____ in size.

Later part of gestation and after the birth of an individual

It is a depression at the center of the red blood cell.

It means blood in general.

Precursor/origin of all blood cell.

It means poiesis, genesis/formation.

All blood cell in bone marrow later become committed stem cells for formation of RBC, WBC, and _____.

-Nucleated -Formation of hemoglobin starts here

Immature RBC, with nucleus

Mature RBC, no nucleus

When there is a nucleated RBC in a blood smear, it means there are many _____. It is abnormal, meaning _____ is fastened.

It is a large cells, later on divided into fragments (platelet)

Needed for formation of hemoglobin.

Formation of red blood cells requires a hormone called:

It is a substance secreted by the kidney cells/tissues in response to factors that decreases tissue oxygenation such as; low blood volume, anemia, poor blood flow, and any pulmonary disease that hinders intake of air.

Life span of RBC of Horse

Life span of RBC of Dog

Life span of RBC of Cat

Life span of RBC of Adult ruminants

Life span of RBC of Young ruminants

Life span of RBC of Pig

Requirement for Maturation of RBC.

Life span of RBC of Chicken

Life span of RBC of Ducks

• Marked by having big RBC due to failure in maturation or failure of the cell membrane to fully develop.
• Have fragile membrane upon diapedesis, they can rupture.

Listed below are the Types of Anemia except:

Mycrocytic = small RBC formed Hypochromic = deficiency in iron RBCs do not last

It is due to incompatible blood type between maternal and fetal blood groups.

• Many sickle cell RBCs are formed due to abnormality in formation of hemoglobin.
• Sensitive to low oxygen (hypoxia), may crystalize and form a spiny end that can puncture the membrane of RBC causing hemolysis/rupture.

• Globulin formation
• Counterpart of proerythroblast, starts the formation of hemoglobin

Immature RBC

Increase in reticulocytes

Decrease in tissue oxygenation

A decrease in tissue oxygenation stimulates the _____ to release _____ hormone which triggers erythropoiesis.

Erythropoietin is released by the kidney, specifically:

Pernicious Anemia is due to:

Other substances needed for formation of RBC are listed below except;

Are specialized macrophages located in the liver, lining the walls of the sinusoids.

______ = human and in some lab animals

_____ = In most domestic mammals

Composition of MPS (Mononuclear Phagocytic System)

_____ = In birds and in some species of animals

It is the name of anemia that develops where there is deficiency of Vitamin B12.

It is the site where a red blood cell can be destroyed in birds.

It is formed from iron, and will be reused for the formation of Hgb.

It is the animal that has the shortest lifespan.

It is the structure in the red blood cell that carries oxygen.

It is a polypeptide chain and will be released by the macrophage into the blood circulation to be reused.

It is responsible for the formation of bile)