Blood Components and Functions

A drop of human blood contains several components. Which of the following accurately lists these components?

What is the approximate normal blood volume in quarts for an average-sized healthy adult?

In a healthy individual, what percentage of blood volume is typically composed of formed elements, primarily red blood cells?

Erythrocytes are produced through erythropoiesis in the bone marrow. Which hormone primarily stimulates this process?

Hemoglobin, found in red blood cells, plays a crucial role in oxygen transport. What is the composition of hemoglobin?

Thrombocytes are essential for blood clotting and wound healing. Which hormone primarily stimulates the production of thrombocytes?

Leukocytes are categorized into granulocytes and agranulocytes. Which characteristic is unique to granulocytes?

Neutrophils are a type of leukocyte known for their phagocytic activity. Approximately what percentage of leukocytes do neutrophils comprise?

Eosinophils play a role in combating parasites and modulating inflammation. What percentage of circulating leukocytes do eosinophils typically constitute?

Basophils are involved in promoting inflammation by secreting heparin and histamine. What percentage of leukocytes do basophils typically make up?

Monocytes are agranulocytes that differentiate into macrophages. What is the typical life span of monocytes in circulation?

Lymphocytes are critical for immunity and include types such as B cells, T cells, and NK cells. What percentage of leukocytes do lymphocytes typically comprise?

What is the normal range for the white blood cell (WBC) count per cubic millimeter?

A differential WBC count measures the percentage of each type of WBC in a blood sample. If a patient's WBC differential shows an elevated percentage of neutrophils, what condition might this indicate?

What condition is indicated by an abnormally high total white blood cell count in the blood?

An abnormally low platelet count in the blood defines which condition?

Albumin is a plasma protein that is essential for maintaining colloid osmotic pressure. Which organ synthesizes albumin?

Globulins are a group of plasma proteins with varied functions. Which type of globulins primarily functions in transporting lipids and fat-soluble vitamins?

Which type of globulins constitute the antibodies of immunity?

Fibrinogen is a plasma protein crucial for blood coagulation. What role does fibrinogen play in this process?

What is the term for the stoppage of bleeding?

Vascular spasm is one of the initial processes in hemostasis. What triggers vascular spasm?

Platelet plug formation is a crucial step in hemostasis. How do platelets contribute to this process?

Blood coagulation is essential for effective hemostasis. What activates the first step in clot formation?

What role does thrombin play in the process of blood coagulation?

Fibrin threads form a mesh-like network that traps blood cells and platelets. What is the outcome of this process?

Serotonin is a chemical involved in hemostasis. What is its function in this process?

Why is the conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin so critical in blood coagulation?

Jaundice is characterized by a yellow discoloration of the skin and eyes. Which pigment is associated with jaundice?

What is the term for a molecule that evokes an immune response?

Which term describes the clumping of blood cells in response to a reaction between an antibody and an antigen?

A person with blood type A has which antigen on their red blood cells and which antibody in their plasma?

Which blood type is considered the universal recipient?

Which blood type is considered the universal donor?

What is the primary role of erythropoietin (EPO) in the production of erythrocytes?

How does the unique biconcave shape of erythrocytes contribute to their function?

How does the presence of an iron atom within the heme group of hemoglobin facilitate its primary function?

What is the main function of thrombopoietin?

How do granulocytes and agranulocytes primarily differ?

What is the primary function of neutrophils?

What is the role of eosinophils in the immune response?

How do basophils contribute to the inflammatory response?

What is the primary role of monocytes?

What is the main function of lymphocytes?

A patient's WBC differential shows a significant increase in lymphocytes. What condition does this most likely indicate?

What is the MOST LIKELY cause of leukocytosis?

What is the primary role of albumin in blood plasma?

What is the primary function of alpha and beta globulins?

Which best describes the step in hemostasis known as vascular spasm?

What triggers the adhesion of platelets during platelet plug formation?

What is the role of tissue thromboplastin in blood coagulation?

What is the function of serotonin in hemostasis?

What is the underlying cause of jaundice?

A patient has blood type B. Which antibody is present in their plasma?

Which component of blood is primarily responsible for transporting oxygen?

What is the primary function of thrombocytes?

Which hormone is primarily responsible for stimulating erythropoiesis?

What percentage of total blood volume is typically composed of formed elements?

Which of the following is a characteristic of granulocytes?

What is the primary role of monocytes in the blood?

What is the normal range for white blood cell (WBC) count in an adult?

Thrombocytopenia is defined as:

What is the primary function of fibrinogen?

What triggers vascular spasm during hemostasis?

What is the role of tissue thromboplastin in coagulation?

During hemostasis, what is the function of serotonin?

What causes jaundice?

Which blood type contains both A and B antigens on the red blood cells?

How does the biconcave shape of erythrocytes aid their function?

What is the main role of thrombopoietin?

A patient exhibits an elevated percentage of lymphocytes in their WBC differential. What might this indicate?