Questions and Answers
What is the main function of albumin in blood plasma?
It functions to regulate the colloidal osmotic pressure of blood.
What is blood composed of?
Blood is composed of blood cells suspended in blood plasma.
What is the main protein in plasma?
Albumin is the main protein in plasma.
What are the most abundant cells in vertebrate blood?
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What facilitates oxygen transport in red blood cells?
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What is the main function of the sympathetic nervous system?
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Which part of the nervous system first arose in wormlike organisms about 550 to 600 million years ago?
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What are nerves mainly composed of in the peripheral nervous system?
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Which part of the nervous system is subdivided into the sympathetic and parasympathetic systems?
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Which nerves transmit signals from the brain?
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Study Notes
Blood Composition
- Blood is composed of plasma and formed elements (cells)
- Plasma makes up about 55% of blood, and formed elements make up about 45%
Plasma Components
- Albumin is the main protein in plasma, and its main function is to regulate osmotic pressure and help maintain blood pressure
- Albumin also helps transport hormones, vitamins, and fatty acids
Blood Cells
- The most abundant cells in vertebrate blood are red blood cells (erythrocytes)
- Red blood cells contain the protein hemoglobin, which facilitates oxygen transport
Nervous System
- The main function of the sympathetic nervous system is to prepare the body for "fight or flight" responses
- The sympathetic nervous system is part of the autonomic nervous system, which is subdivided into sympathetic and parasympathetic systems
Nervous System Evolution
- The central nervous system (CNS) first arose in wormlike organisms about 550 to 600 million years ago
Nervous System Structure
- Nerves in the peripheral nervous system are mainly composed of axons and their supporting cells
- Cranial nerves transmit signals from the brain to the rest of the body
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