Blood Clotting and Scab Formation

Platelets are involved in blood clotting and forming scabs where the skin has been cut or punctured.

Phagocytes carry out phagocytosis by engulfing and digesting pathogens.

Lymphocytes produce antibodies to destroy pathogenic cells and antitoxins to neutralize toxins released by pathogens.

<p>Phagocytes can be easily recognized by their multi-lobed nucleus and granular cytoplasm.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Scab formation seals the wound with an insoluble patch that prevents entry of microorganisms that could cause infection.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lymphocytes can easily be recognized by their large round nucleus which takes up nearly the whole cell and their clear, non-granular cytoplasm.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Platelets release chemicals that initiate the conversion of soluble fibrinogen proteins into insoluble fibrin, forming a mesh across the wound and trapping red blood cells to create a clot.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The primary function of the blood clot is to prevent continued or significant blood loss from wounds.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The clot eventually dries and develops into a scab, which is an insoluble patch that seals the wound and prevents entry of microorganisms that could cause infection. The scab remains in place until new skin has grown underneath it, sealing the skin again.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Red blood cells are trapped within the insoluble fibrin mesh during clot formation, contributing to the physical structure and composition of the clot.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The conversion of soluble fibrinogen proteins into insoluble fibrin is crucial for forming the insoluble mesh that traps red blood cells and seals the wound.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The plasma, which is the liquid component of blood, contains soluble fibrinogen proteins and other clotting factors that participate in the series of reactions leading to clot formation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Red blood cells (erythrocytes) transport oxygen around the body. Their biconcave disc shape and lack of a nucleus maximizes their surface area to volume ratio, facilitating efficient gas exchange.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>White blood cells (leukocytes) are responsible for defending the body against pathogens and foreign substances as part of the immune system. They identify and eliminate threats through phagocytosis, antibody production, and other mechanisms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Plasma is the liquid component of blood that suspends the blood cells. Its main function is to transport nutrients, proteins, and hormones. Key components include water, proteins (e.g. albumin, globulins), glucose, clotting factors, and electrolytes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Platelets initiate the blood clotting process by adhering to damaged blood vessel walls and releasing clotting factors. This triggers the coagulation cascade, forming a fibrin clot that stops bleeding. Clotting is crucial to prevent excessive blood loss.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<ol> <li>Vascular injury exposes collagen, activating platelets. 2) Activated platelets release clotting factors. 3) Clotting factors trigger a cascade of reactions forming a fibrin mesh. 4) Red blood cells get trapped, forming the clot that stops bleeding.</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Red blood cells transport oxygen for cellular respiration, white blood cells defend against pathogens, and platelets prevent blood loss through clotting. Together, they maintain proper oxygen levels, immune protection, and hemostasis for overall bodily function.</p> Signup and view all the answers