Blood Cells and Disorders Quiz

What is the characteristic feature of agranular leukocytes?

They have a longer lifespan than granular leukocytes

They are produced in the red bone marrow

They contain lysosome and defensins

They have many fewer granules in the cytoplasm (correct)

Which type of leukocyte is essential in the immune response?

Basophils

Lymphocytes (correct)

Eosinophils

Monocytes

What is the main function of granular neutrophils?

Respond rapidly to site of infection (correct)

Clean up debris

Intensify the inflammatory response

Fight parasitic worms

What is the characteristic feature of leukopenia?

Too few leukocytes produced, unable to fight off disease Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of basophils?

Intensify the inflammatory response Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic distinguishes monocytes from other leukocytes?

They become macrophages as they leave circulation Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of erythrocytes?

Carrying oxygen away from the lungs and returning carbon dioxide to the lungs Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary site for the maturation of erythrocytes?

Red bone marrow Signup and view all the answers

Which mineral facilitates the absorption and transport of iron needed for the production of hemoglobin?

Copper Signup and view all the answers

What happens to old erythrocytes after they have lived for about 120 days?

They are recycled to form new erythrocytes Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary component of a hemoglobin molecule?

Heme with an iron ion Signup and view all the answers

What happens if the percent saturation of hemoglobin decreases?

Increased EPO (erythropoietin) production Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of plasma in the blood?

Transporting nutrients and oxygen Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal percentage of red blood cells (RBC) in the blood?

45% Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of blood plasma?

It contains 92% water and various substances Signup and view all the answers

Where does the production of red blood cells (erythrocytes) primarily occur?

Red bone marrow Signup and view all the answers

Which hemoietic growth factor stimulates the production of platelets?

Thrombopoietin Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a bone marrow biopsy?

To detect forms of anemia and cancer Signup and view all the answers

What is the main characteristic of chronic leukemia?

Failure of mature leukocytes to die Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of platelets in stopping blood flow following damage to a vessel?

Secrete growth factor for repair Signup and view all the answers

Which pathway of coagulation is quicker and more direct, usually triggered by trauma?

Extrinsic pathway Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of vitamin K in blood clotting?

Required by the liver for many clotting factors Signup and view all the answers

Which disorder is characterized by a deficiency of a clotting factor?

Hemophilia Signup and view all the answers

What occurs when RBC with foreign antigens trigger an immune response?

Clumping of RBC leading to agglutination Signup and view all the answers

What is the defining characteristic of ABO blood group?

Presence of A and B antigens Signup and view all the answers

Why should donors and receivers ideally match in blood transfusion?

To prevent agglutination and immune reactions Signup and view all the answers

Thrombophilia is characterized by a tendency to form:

Unwanted clots in blood vessels Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of anticoagulants?

Inhibit platelet aggregation and clot formation Signup and view all the answers

What happens if a thrombus breaks free and gets trapped in a blood vessel?

It becomes an embolism that can block blood flow Signup and view all the answers