Blood Cells and Anemia

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Questions and Answers

Which type of leukocyte is most efficient against bacteria?

  • Monocytes
  • Eosinophils
  • Basophils
  • Neutrophils (correct)

What can lead to an increased risk for disease due to too many nonfunctional leukocytes?

  • Leukocytosis (correct)
  • Leukopenia
  • Iron deficiency
  • Leukemia

Which leukocyte type is involved in the general nonspecific immunity against foreign cells or body cells that don’t express 'self' proteins?

  • Natural killer cells (correct)
  • Basophils
  • Monocytes
  • B and T cells

What do basophils release to intensify the inflammatory response?

<p>Histamine (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which leukocyte type is essential in the immune response and has memory cells that last for years after exposure?

<p>B and T cells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can result from too few leukocytes being produced, leaving the body unable to fight off disease?

<p>Leukopenia (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of erythrocytes (RBCs) in the body?

<p>Transporting carbon dioxide away from the lungs (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do erythrocytes (RBCs) lack a nucleus and most organelles?

<p>To rely on anaerobic respiration (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of copper in erythrocyte function?

<p>Helps to absorb and transport iron (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of a molecule of hemoglobin having an iron ion?

<p>It enables the binding of oxygen molecules (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do people living at high elevations normally have a higher hematocrit?

<p>To compensate for decreased oxygen saturation in the blood (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes sickle cell disease in terms of hemoglobin function?

<p>Delivers less oxygen and assumes a sickle shape at low oxygen concentrations (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the composition of blood plasma?

<p>92% water with a variety of substances, mostly proteins (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of albumin in blood plasma?

<p>Transporting fatty acids and steroid hormones (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of thrombopoietin in the body?

<p>Stimulating development of platelets (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of hemoepoietic stem cells in the body?

<p>Becoming erythrocytes, platelets, granular leukocyte, or monocytes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is hematocrit, in relation to the composition of blood?

<p>The percentage of red blood cells in blood (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are WBC and platelets related to defense and clotting?

<p>WBC provide defense while platelets are involved in clotting (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between chronic and acute leukocytosis?

<p>Chronic leukocytosis involves the failure of mature leukocytes to die, whereas acute leukocytosis involves the overproduction of young immature leukocytes. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of platelets in stopping blood flow following damage to a vessel?

<p>Initiate the formation of a blood clot (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What triggers the extrinsic pathway of coagulation?

<p>Trauma (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which vitamin is required by the liver for many clotting factors?

<p>Vitamin K (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of fibrinolysis?

<p>Degradation of the blood clot (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic feature of hemophilia?

<p>Deficiency of a clotting factor (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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