Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the total blood volume in most adults?
What is the total blood volume in most adults?
10-12 pints
Donors replenish fluid lost from donation of ________ in 24 hours.
Donors replenish fluid lost from donation of ________ in 24 hours.
1 pint
A volunteer donor can donate blood every ______________.
A volunteer donor can donate blood every ______________.
8 weeks
A unit of blood contains approximately ____________ mL.
A unit of blood contains approximately ____________ mL.
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A 450 mL unit of blood contains up to _________ mL of anticoagulant/reservative.
A 450 mL unit of blood contains up to _________ mL of anticoagulant/reservative.
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What four components can be prepared from one unit of whole blood?
What four components can be prepared from one unit of whole blood?
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A shift to the left involves a decrease in _______________ which leads to an increase in Hb oxygen affinity.
A shift to the left involves a decrease in _______________ which leads to an increase in Hb oxygen affinity.
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____________ are changes that occur to blood as it is stored.
____________ are changes that occur to blood as it is stored.
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The following are examples of what: Decrease in pH from the increase in lactic acid, decrease in glucose consumption, decrease in ATP levels, decrease in 2,3-DPG?
The following are examples of what: Decrease in pH from the increase in lactic acid, decrease in glucose consumption, decrease in ATP levels, decrease in 2,3-DPG?
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The proper storage temperature for liquid blood is:
The proper storage temperature for liquid blood is:
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Acid citrate dextrose, citrate phosphate dextrose, and CP2D all have a storage life of:
Acid citrate dextrose, citrate phosphate dextrose, and CP2D all have a storage life of:
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Citrate phosphate adenine (CPDA-1) has a storage life of:
Citrate phosphate adenine (CPDA-1) has a storage life of:
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Citrate chelates _____________ which prevents coagulation.
Citrate chelates _____________ which prevents coagulation.
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Adsol (AS-1), Nutricel (AS-3), and Optisol (AS-5) all have a shelf life of:
Adsol (AS-1), Nutricel (AS-3), and Optisol (AS-5) all have a shelf life of:
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AS-1 contains:
AS-1 contains:
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AS-3 contains:
AS-3 contains:
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Packed red blood cells have prepared to have a HCT of:
Packed red blood cells have prepared to have a HCT of:
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___________ is the only FDA approved rejuvenation solution and is used on red cells within 3 days of unit expiration.
___________ is the only FDA approved rejuvenation solution and is used on red cells within 3 days of unit expiration.
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The expiration time on a unit of washed blood is _________ to decrease the risk of bacterial contamination.
The expiration time on a unit of washed blood is _________ to decrease the risk of bacterial contamination.
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______________ is the most common cryoprotective agent used in red cell freezing.
______________ is the most common cryoprotective agent used in red cell freezing.
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What are the two red cell freezing techniques?
What are the two red cell freezing techniques?
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Units frozen using the high glycerol technique are stored at or below:
Units frozen using the high glycerol technique are stored at or below:
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Frozen red cells are thawed at _________, deglycerolized and must be transfused within 24 hours.
Frozen red cells are thawed at _________, deglycerolized and must be transfused within 24 hours.
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Frozen red cells may be stored for up to _________ before thawing and transfusing.
Frozen red cells may be stored for up to _________ before thawing and transfusing.
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_____________ are hydrocarbon structures in which all the hydrogen atoms have been replaced with fluorine.
_____________ are hydrocarbon structures in which all the hydrogen atoms have been replaced with fluorine.
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______________ are chemically inert, excellent gas solvents, and carry O2 and CO2 by dissolving them.
______________ are chemically inert, excellent gas solvents, and carry O2 and CO2 by dissolving them.
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Role of platelets in hemostasis includes what 3 things?
Role of platelets in hemostasis includes what 3 things?
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What are the two methods for platelet concentrate preparations?
What are the two methods for platelet concentrate preparations?
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This method is characterized by keeping a unit of whole blood at room temperature until platelets are removed, which must be done within 8 hours.
This method is characterized by keeping a unit of whole blood at room temperature until platelets are removed, which must be done within 8 hours.
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This method is characterized by drawing blood into a machine; platelets are removed and the remainder of blood is returned to the donor.
This method is characterized by drawing blood into a machine; platelets are removed and the remainder of blood is returned to the donor.
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Platelets are stored at ____________ with continuous agitation for a maximum of five days.
Platelets are stored at ____________ with continuous agitation for a maximum of five days.
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If PC are pooled into one transfusable product, the storage time changes to:
If PC are pooled into one transfusable product, the storage time changes to:
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____________ is the only blood group system that is known to be X-LINKED.
____________ is the only blood group system that is known to be X-LINKED.
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DNA is composed of what four nitrogenous bases?
DNA is composed of what four nitrogenous bases?
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The outward expression or observation of a trait is referred to as the:
The outward expression or observation of a trait is referred to as the:
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The inherited genes themselves are known as the:
The inherited genes themselves are known as the:
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An ____________ is a gene that produces no detectable traits.
An ____________ is a gene that produces no detectable traits.
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Study Notes
Blood Volume and Donation
- Total blood volume in most adults ranges from 10 to 12 pints.
- Donors can replenish fluid lost from the donation of 1 pint within 24 hours.
- A volunteer donor is able to donate blood every 8 weeks.
Blood Components and Storage
- A unit of blood contains approximately 450 mL, with up to 63 mL being anticoagulant or preservative.
- Whole blood can be separated into four components: packed red cells, platelets, plasma, and clotting factors (cryoprecipitate antihemophilic factor).
- The proper storage temperature for liquid blood is between -1 to 6°C.
Storage Lesions
- Storage lesions refer to changes in blood that occur as it is stored.
- These changes include decreased pH from increased lactic acid, decreased glucose consumption, decreased ATP levels, and decreased 2,3-DPG.
Blood Product Shelf Life
- Various anticoagulant solutions have different storage lifespans:
- Acid citrate dextrose, citrate phosphate dextrose, and CP2D last for 21 days.
- Citrate phosphate adenine (CPDA-1) has a shelf life of 35 days.
- Adsol (AS-1), Nutricel (AS-3), and Optisol (AS-5) last for 42 days.
Red Blood Cell Processing
- Packed red blood cells are prepared to have a hematocrit (HCT) of less than 80.
- Only FDA-approved rejuvenation solution for red cells is Rejuvesol, used within 3 days of unit expiration; units must be washed and transfused within 24 hours.
- Expiration for washed blood is set at 24 hours to minimize bacterial contamination risk.
Cryopreservation and Freezing Techniques
- Glycerol is the most common cryoprotective agent used for red blood cell freezing.
- Two techniques for red blood cell freezing: high glycerol technique (most common) and low glycerol technique.
- Units frozen with high glycerol are stored at or below -65°C and must be thawed within 24 hours at 37°C.
- Frozen red cells can be stored for up to 10 years before thawing.
Perfluorochemicals
- Perfluorochemicals are hydrocarbon structures with all hydrogen atoms replaced by fluorine, acting as chemically inert gas solvents capable of carrying oxygen and carbon dioxide.
- They are being researched as potential blood substitutes.
Platelet Function and Preparation
- Platelets play a crucial role in hemostasis, providing vascular integrity, forming plugs, and stabilizing these plugs through fibrin formation.
- Two methods for platelet concentrate preparation include centrifugation and apheresis.
- Centrifugation requires keeping a unit of whole blood at room temperature for up to 8 hours, ensuring a minimum of 5.5 x 10^10 platelets are available.
- In apheresis, whole blood is drawn into a machine for platelet extraction, returning the remainder to the donor, and yields a minimum of 3.0 x 10^11 platelets, equivalent to 6-8 random donor platelets.
Platelet Storage and Pooling
- Platelets are stored between 20-24°C with continuous agitation for a maximum of five days.
- If pooled into one transfusable product, the storage time for platelets reduces to just 4 hours.
Genetic Concepts
- The Xg A blood group system is the only one known to be X-linked.
- DNA consists of four nitrogenous bases: adenine, guanine, thymine, and cytosine.
- Phenotype refers to the observable expression of traits, while genotype denotes the inherited genes themselves.
- An amorph is a type of gene that produces no detectable traits.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
Explore the key concepts of blood donation and volume with these flashcards covering Chapters 1 and 2 of the Blood Bank. Perfect for students and healthcare professionals alike, this quiz will help reinforce your understanding of essential blood bank terminology and practices.
