Blood as a Connective Tissue
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Questions and Answers

What is the extracellular matrix of blood called?

  • Cytoplasm
  • Plasma (correct)
  • Nucleus
  • Lysosome

Which of the following is a cellular element in blood that is NOT a formed element?

  • White blood cells
  • Platelets
  • Red blood cells
  • Endocrine cells (correct)

What is the primary function of blood?

  • Synthesis of hormones
  • Absorption of oxygen
  • Delivery of oxygen and nutrients to body cells (correct)
  • Storage of nutrients

How do nutrients from the foods you eat reach body cells?

<p>Absorbed in the digestive tract and transported in the bloodstream (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which system is responsible for transporting oxygen from the air you breathe into the blood?

<p>Respiratory system (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of endocrine glands in relation to blood?

<p>Release hormones into the bloodstream for transport to target cells (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of blood platelets during vessel damage?

<p>Block ruptured areas of blood vessels (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of white blood cells in protecting the body?

<p>Seek out and destroy internal threats (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is true about the hematocrit test?

<p>Separates RBCs from the liquid plasma using a centrifuge (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What contributes to maintaining the pH of body tissues?

<p>Buffers present in blood (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does blood help regulate body temperature on a warm day?

<p>By increasing transport of blood from core to skin for heat dissipation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic that determines the color of blood?

<p>Presence of oxygen (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component of blood helps in maintaining the water content of body cells?

<p>Blood plasma (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of proteins present in blood?

<p>Act as buffers for regulating pH in body tissues (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do homeostatic mechanisms regulate body temperature during exercise on a warm day?

<p>By increasing transport of blood from skin to core for cooling (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the color of blood that has just taken up oxygen?

<p>It turns bright red (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why does blood have a slightly higher temperature than normal body temperature?

<p>Due to the friction and resistance experienced as blood flows through blood vessels. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of albumin in the blood plasma?

<p>Transport vehicle for fatty acids and steroid hormones. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why does honey demonstrate greater resistance to flow compared to water?

<p>Honey has a higher viscosity than water. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component of blood contributes significantly to maintaining both blood volume and pressure?

<p>Albumin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the average pH range of blood in a healthy person?

<p>7.35 - 7.45 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which plasma protein group is primarily involved in transporting iron, lipids, and fat-soluble vitamins?

<p>Globulins (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effect does the presence of plasma proteins have on the viscosity of blood?

<p>Increases viscosity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Among the plasma proteins, which is produced by specialized leukocytes known as plasma cells?

<p>Immunoglobulins (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How much of the total plasma protein volume do globulins make up?

<p>38% (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of fibrinogen in the blood plasma?

<p>Responsible for blood clotting. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which chamber of the heart pumps blood through the aortic valve into the ascending aorta?

<p>Left Ventricle (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the ligamentum arteriosum in the heart?

<p>Connects the aorta to the pulmonary trunk (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Through which valve does blood pass when moving from the left atrium into the left ventricle?

<p>Bicuspid or Mitral Valve (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structure connects the pulmonary trunk and the aorta in the heart?

<p>Ligamentum Arteriosum (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the chordae tendineae in the heart?

<p>Prevent backflow of blood into atria (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which valve does blood pass through when entering the pulmonary trunk from the right ventricle?

<p>Pulmonary Valve (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is the left ventricle wall thicker than the right ventricle wall?

<p>To pump blood to all parts of the body in systemic circulation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do heart valves ensure one-way flow of blood?

<p>By opening and closing in response to pressure differences (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are atrial walls thinner than ventricular walls?

<p>To assist gravity in delivering blood to the ventricles (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of semi-lunar valves in the heart?

<p>To prevent backflow of blood from arteries to ventricles (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What contributes to the variations in thickness among different heart chambers?

<p>The distance blood needs to be pumped (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does blood flow within the heart chambers based on pressure differences?

<p>From areas of high to low pressure (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During the cardiac cycle, what causes the Lubb sound (S1) heard in the heartbeat?

<p>Closure of both atrioventricular valves as ventricles contract (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component contributes to cardiac output by representing the volume of blood ejected by the ventricle during each contraction?

<p>Stroke volume (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of the Dupp sound (S2) in the cardiac cycle?

<p>Closure of both AV valves as ventricles relax (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of cardiac output, what does CO stand for?

<p>Cardiac output (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During which phase of the cardiac cycle does blood turbulence due to valve closure cause heart sounds?

<p>Ventricular systole (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What modification can change Cardiac Output (CO) according to the provided text?

<p>Variations in stroke volume or heart rate (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when the atrioventricular valves are closed?

<p>Edges of cusps meet and close the valve (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which action tightens the chordae tendineae to prevent backflow of blood in the atrioventricular valves?

<p>Papillary muscles contraction (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What causes the semilunar valves to close and prevent backflow of blood from arteries?

<p>Pressure in ventricles exceeding pressure in arteries (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the semilunar valves in the heart?

<p>Prevent backflow of blood from arteries into ventricles (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What drives the cusps of atrioventricular valves upward until they close during ventricle contraction?

<p>Pressure difference between atria and ventricles (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do semilunar valves open in the heart?

<p>When pulmonary pressure exceeds aortic pressure (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the pressure that must be exceeded before the semilunar valves open and ventricular ejection begins?

<p>Afterload (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor ensures that if more blood is returned to the heart, more blood is ejected in the next heart beat?

<p>Frank-Starling law (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the origin of nervous system regulation of heart rate?

<p>Medulla oblongata (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT involved in chemical regulation of heart rate?

<p>Proprioceptors (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following factors influences the forcefulness of contraction of the heart muscle?

<p>Pressure that must be exceeded before SL valves open (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What factors are involved in ensuring that right and left ventricles pump equal volumes of blood?

<p>Preload, contractility, afterload (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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