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Questions and Answers

What distinguishes hard paternalism from soft paternalism?

  • Hard paternalism intervenes in self-regarding actions only.
  • Soft paternalism requires individuals to make informed decisions.
  • Soft paternalism is concerned with actions that affect others.
  • Hard paternalism restricts freedom regardless of consent. (correct)

    • Which principle emphasizes the duty to avoid harm to others?

  • Principle of fidelity
  • Principle of confidentiality
  • Principle of non-maleficence (correct)
  • Principle of beneficence

    • What best describes the term 'intrinsic value'?

  • Value determined by societal norms and laws.
  • Value that is considered worthwhile in and of itself. (correct)
  • Value based on measurable outcomes in financial terms.
  • Value derived from its ability to help achieve other goals.

    • How does Aristotle's concept of the golden mean relate to personal behavior?

    <p>Promotes moderation between extremes like excess and deficiency.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Mill's Harm Principle suggest regarding individual actions?

    <p>Actions should only be restricted to prevent harm to others.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of act utilitarianism?

    <p>To maximize outcomes based on the greatest overall happiness.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of Kant's ethics, what is meant by 'autonomy'?

    <p>Acting according to rational principles chosen by oneself.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key critique of act utilitarianism?

    <p>It fails to consider intentions behind actions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best defines 'Eudaimonia'?

    <p>Achieving personal excellence and fulfilling one's potential.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a prescriptive claim?

    <p>A statement about what people should or should not do.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What differentiates a sound argument from a valid argument?

    <p>A sound argument must have true premises and a true conclusion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a formal fallacy?

    <p>Claiming a ground is wet without considering other reasons.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an 'ad hominem' fallacy?

    <p>Attacking the character of the individual making the argument.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement correctly identifies a normative claim?

    <p>Everyone should recycle to save the planet.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a false dilemma fallacy?

    <p>Assuming there are only two possible outcomes when there are more.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of informal fallacies?

    <p>They arise from errors in reasoning like assumptions or misinterpretation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best defines a valid argument?

    <p>An argument where the conclusion must be true if the premises are too.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which fallacy occurs when one event is assumed to cause another solely because it follows it in time?

    <p>False cause.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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