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Questions and Answers
To which class do birds belong?
To which class do birds belong?
Class Aves
Birds have teeth.
Birds have teeth.
False (B)
Birds have a ______ sternum on flighted species.
Birds have a ______ sternum on flighted species.
keeled
What is a characteristic feature of the Red-tailed Hawk?
What is a characteristic feature of the Red-tailed Hawk?
What is the diet of the Red-tailed Hawk?
What is the diet of the Red-tailed Hawk?
What type of scream is characteristic of Red-tailed Hawks?
What type of scream is characteristic of Red-tailed Hawks?
Bald Eagles are scavengers.
Bald Eagles are scavengers.
The Bald Eagle primarily prefers which type of habitat?
The Bald Eagle primarily prefers which type of habitat?
What is the wingspan of an Osprey?
What is the wingspan of an Osprey?
What is the diet of the Osprey?
What is the diet of the Osprey?
The Osprey dives for its prey.
The Osprey dives for its prey.
What is the average lifespan of a Mallard?
What is the average lifespan of a Mallard?
What is the diet of the Mallard?
What is the diet of the Mallard?
Male Canada Geese have thicker necks.
Male Canada Geese have thicker necks.
What is the diet of the Canada Goose?
What is the diet of the Canada Goose?
What is the visual formation of migrating Canada Geese
What is the visual formation of migrating Canada Geese
Which of the following is descriptive of the Wood Stork?
Which of the following is descriptive of the Wood Stork?
State the typical feeding motion of the Wood Stork
State the typical feeding motion of the Wood Stork
Mourning doves call softly.
Mourning doves call softly.
What is the primary component of the Mourning Dove's diet?
What is the primary component of the Mourning Dove's diet?
Flashcards
Class Aves
Class Aves
Birds classified as egg-laying endothermic vertebrates with feathers.
Flight adaptations
Flight adaptations
Characteristics such as un-toothed beaks and keeled sternum aiding in flight.
Species count in Aves
Species count in Aves
There are about 10,000 bird species across 35 orders.
Nesting behavior
Nesting behavior
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Accipitriformes
Accipitriformes
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Buteo jamaicensis
Buteo jamaicensis
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Carnivorous diet
Carnivorous diet
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Maturation in hawks
Maturation in hawks
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Bald Eagle
Bald Eagle
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Breeding characteristics of Bald Eagles
Breeding characteristics of Bald Eagles
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DDT impact on Eagles
DDT impact on Eagles
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Osprey behavior
Osprey behavior
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Migrations of Ospreys
Migrations of Ospreys
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Mallard duck
Mallard duck
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Mallard diet
Mallard diet
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Wood Duck appearance
Wood Duck appearance
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Nestling behavior in Wood Ducks
Nestling behavior in Wood Ducks
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Canada Goose size
Canada Goose size
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Canada Goose migration
Canada Goose migration
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Wood Stork habitat
Wood Stork habitat
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Mourning Dove characteristics
Mourning Dove characteristics
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Mourning Dove diet
Mourning Dove diet
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Reproductive traits of Mourning Doves
Reproductive traits of Mourning Doves
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Altricial vs. Precocial
Altricial vs. Precocial
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Biodiversity in birds
Biodiversity in birds
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Parenting in birds
Parenting in birds
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Species recovery efforts
Species recovery efforts
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Wood Duck breeding
Wood Duck breeding
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Accipitridae family
Accipitridae family
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Functional roles of birds
Functional roles of birds
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Monogamous behavior in birds
Monogamous behavior in birds
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Study Notes
Birds: General Characteristics
- Birds (Class Aves) are egg-laying, endothermic vertebrates
- They possess beaks (without teeth), feathers, and a keeled sternum adapted for flight
- Skeletons are very light
- Approximately 10,000 species, divided into 35 orders
- Occupy diverse terrestrial and semi-aquatic habitats
- Show tremendous adaptive radiation, exhibiting various forms
Hawk Characteristics
- Large, broad-winged diurnal raptor (diurnal = active during the day)
- Brownish-cream coloration, with dark shoulder bars and red tails
- Females (♀) are typically 13% larger than males (♂)
- Weight ranges up to 1.5 kg and lifespan up to 30 years
- Characteristic raspy scream
- Primarily carnivorous, feeding on mammals (voles, rabbits, squirrels), and sometimes snakes
- Monogamous pair bond until death of one partner
- Build nests in tall trees with open views
- 1-5 white to blotched eggs; incubation period 28-35 days
- Altricial young with feather development lasting for approximately six weeks
Bald Eagle Characteristics
- Largest North American raptor, averaging 100cm & 6.5 kg
- Typically live up to 25 years
- White head and tail, yellow or orange cere (the fleshy area above the beak)
- Powerful beak and talons
- Females are slightly larger than males
- Carnivorous/scavenger, primarily feeding on larger water-based animals
- Monogamous for life
- Occupy large nests, up to 2.5m in diameter, in old-growth forests, reused anually.
- 2 eggs, 35-day incubation; fledging in 10-12 weeks
- Prefer large lakes and warm water fish
- Home range of 660 hectares, 3 km between nesting territories.
- Intolerant of human disturbance
Osprey Characteristics
- Monotypic family with a wingspan of 180 cm and weighing up to 2 kg
- Lives for 25 years
- White head and chest, powerful beak and talons; females larger
- Migratory species, some breeding in Canada with wintering in Argentina, crossing 250,000 km over their lifespan
- Piscivorous, diving to catch fish; 25% success rate; capable of reversible movement of outer foot
- Large nests on prominent tall structures. reused annually
- 1-4 speckled eggs, with 36-42 days of incubation; fledging in 8 weeks
- Intolerant of anthropomorphic disturbance
Mallard Characteristics
- Bright emerald head (males), dimorphic; both sexes with white-bordered blue speculum
- 65cm wingspan
- 1.3 kg
- 27-year life span
- Strong flyers reaching up to 89 kph
- Omnivorous, with a varied diet (dabbling duck)
- Generally monogamous with potential extra-pair copulations; ground nests;
- 1-15 cream/greenish eggs, 23-30 day incubation; female caring for one or two ducklings
- 1-2 broods per year
- Precocial ducklings
Wood Duck Characteristics
- Sexually dimorphic (male strikingly coloured)
- Wingspan 73 cm; 0.86 kg; 22 years
- Omnivorous, consuming seeds, plant material and invertebrate animals
- Monogamous, building a nest in or near water
- 6-16 cream/tan coloured eggs; 28-37 day incubation
- Precocial young; 56-70 days with mother
Canada Goose Characteristics
- Distinctive white chin strap, black head and neck; wingspan 170 cm
- 9 kg, 30 years
- Herbivorous, eating grasses, seeds, and berries, especially during spring/fall
- Monogamous, with most pairs staying together for 4 years
- Nest near water, with 8 eggs laid, incubation 25-28 days; one nest per year; re-nesting possible
- Parent care extended for approximately 42-50 days.
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Description
Explore the general traits of birds (Class Aves) as egg-laying, endothermic vertebrates. Delve into specific hawk characteristics, including their size, coloration, and carnivorous diet. Understand their breeding behaviors and nesting habits.
