Biotechnology: Why Bioenergy?

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Questions and Answers

What type of microorganisms are involved in the production of biogas through anaerobic digestion?

  • Facultative anaerobes
  • Anaerobic organisms (correct)
  • Obligate aerobes
  • Aerobic organisms

What is the primary benefit of blending ethanol with gasoline in vehicle fuel?

  • Extended engine lifespan
  • Increased fuel efficiency
  • Reduced carbon monoxide and toxic pollutants (correct)
  • Improved engine performance

What is the primary advantage of ethanol as a biofuel compared to gasoline?

  • Lower production cost
  • Improved engine performance
  • Higher energy density
  • Renewable and biodegradable (correct)

What is the typical percentage of ethanol blended with gasoline in a 'gasohol' blend?

<p>10% (C)</p>
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What is the primary goal for successful production of ethanol?

<p>Reducing production cost (D)</p>
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What is the primary feedstock used for ethanol production through fermentation?

<p>Sugar cane (C)</p>
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What is the energy source for Thiobacillus ferrooxidans?

<p>Inorganic sources (B)</p>
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What is the pH level preferred by Thiobacillus ferrooxidans?

<p>Acidic (C)</p>
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What is the result of Thiobacillus ferrooxidans oxidizing ferrous to ferric?

<p>Leaching of metals from ores (D)</p>
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What is a unique ability of Thiobacillus ferrooxidans?

<p>Oxidizing ferrous to ferric (B)</p>
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Why is Thiobacillus ferrooxidans attractive for commercial leaching operations?

<p>It can leach metals from low-grade ores (A)</p>
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What is a characteristic of Thermoanaerobacter ethanolicus that makes it a suitable microorganism for bioethanol production?

<p>Production of considerable amounts of ethanol from soluble sugars and polymeric substrates (B)</p>
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What is a limitation of Zymomonas mobilis in producing bioethanol?

<p>Restricted utilizable substrate range to glucose, fructose, and sucrose (D)</p>
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What is the primary product of anaerobic digestion of organic material?

<p>Methane biogas (A)</p>
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What is the first stage of anaerobic digestion?

<p>Bacterial hydrolysis of input materials (B)</p>
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What is an advantage of Zymomonas mobilis over Saccharomyces cerevisiae in producing bioethanol?

<p>Higher sugar uptake and ethanol yield (B)</p>
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What is the primary purpose of using microorganisms like Thermoanaerobacter ethanolicus and Zymomonas mobilis in bioethanol production?

<p>To reduce the recovery costs of ethanol (C)</p>
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