16 Questions
What is the major utility of the biological world according to the text?
Source of food.
What is the focus of biotechnology according to the text?
Bringing qualitative improvement in health and food production.
Who is Herbert Boyer?
Herbert Boyer was born in 1936 and is a prominent figure in biotechnology.
What was the destiny of most young men in the corner of western Pennsylvania where Herbert Boyer was brought up?
Railroads and mines.
Where did Herbert Boyer complete his graduate work?
University of Pittsburgh.
What are 'sticky ends' in the context of DNA splicing?
Unpaired nucleotide sequences left at the ends of DNA strands after cutting by restriction enzymes.
What did the whole approach to understanding natural phenomena become, especially in the context of human knowledge?
Anthropocentric.
Who were the two scientists involved in the breakthrough that led to the foundation of biotechnology?
Boyer and Cohen
What are plasmids and how were they used in the breakthrough of biotechnology?
Small ringlets of DNA that replicate independently from the coding strand of DNA. They were removed from cells and reinserted into other cells to recombine DNA segments.
What is the basis upon which the discipline of biotechnology was founded?
The breakthrough involving the recombination of DNA segments and the insertion of DNA in bacterial cells for protein production.
How does the European Federation of Biotechnology define biotechnology?
As the integration of natural science and organisms, cells, parts thereof, and molecular analogues for products and services.
What are the two core techniques that enabled the birth of modern biotechnology?
Genetic engineering and recombinant DNA technology
Give an example of a microbe-mediated process that could be considered a form of biotechnology.
Making curd, bread, or wine
What is the capability of the restriction enzymes observed by Boyer in his studies?
Cutting DNA strands in a particular fashion
What is the role of plasmids in certain bacterial cells?
They float about freely in the cytoplasm and replicate independently from the coding strand of DNA.
In what sense is the term 'biotechnology' used in a restricted sense today?
To refer to processes using genetically modified organisms on a larger scale
Test your knowledge of biotechnology principles, processes, and applications with this quiz covering Chapter 9 and Chapter 10. Explore the impact of biotechnology on human life and technological advancements since the seventeenth century.
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