Podcast
Questions and Answers
Match the following biotechnology applications with their description:
Match the following biotechnology applications with their description:
Genetic engineering = Modifying the genetic makeup of organisms Bioremediation = Using organisms to clean up pollution Pharmaceuticals production = Creating medicines using living organisms Agricultural biotechnology = Using biotechnology in crop and livestock production
Match the following key figures in biotechnology with their contribution:
Match the following key figures in biotechnology with their contribution:
Károly Ereky = Coined the term 'biotechnology' in 1919 Gregor Mendel = Established the basic principles of heredity through experiments with pea plants Paul Berg = Developed the technique for combining DNA from different organisms Rudolf Jaenisch = Pioneered the creation of transgenic mice
Match the following biotechnology products with their source organism:
Match the following biotechnology products with their source organism:
Insulin = Bacteria Ethanol = Yeast Artemisinin = Plants Chymosin = Fungi
Match the following biotechnology techniques with their applications:
Match the following biotechnology techniques with their applications:
Match the following biotechnology impacts with their respective areas of society:
Match the following biotechnology impacts with their respective areas of society:
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Study Notes
Biotechnology Applications and Descriptions
- Genetic engineering modifies organisms to enhance traits or produce desired proteins.
- Cloning creates identical copies of organisms, cells, or DNA sequences.
- Bioremediation uses microorganisms to clean up environmental contaminants.
- Fermentation employs microbes to produce food, beverages, and biofuels.
- Molecular diagnostics analyzes genetic material for disease detection and monitoring.
Key Figures in Biotechnology and Contributions
- Gregor Mendel established the basic principles of heredity through pea plant experiments.
- Louis Pasteur developed the germ theory and techniques for pasteurization, revolutionizing microbiology.
- Paul Berg pioneered recombinant DNA technology, facilitating the combination of DNA from different organisms.
- Jennifer Doudna and Emmanuelle Charpentier co-developed CRISPR-Cas9, a groundbreaking gene-editing tool.
Biotechnology Products and Source Organisms
- Insulin is produced by genetically modified bacteria for diabetes treatment.
- Penicillin is derived from the mold Penicillium chrysogenum, used as an antibiotic.
- Human growth hormone is synthesized using engineered yeast.
- Antibodies for therapies, such as monoclonal antibodies, are produced in hybridoma cells.
Biotechnology Techniques and Their Applications
- Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) amplifies small DNA samples for analysis.
- Gel electrophoresis separates DNA fragments based on size for genetic studies.
- CRISPR-Cas9 provides precise editing of DNA, enabling targeted gene modifications.
- Biosensors utilize biological materials for detecting chemicals or pathogens in the environment.
Biotechnology Impacts on Society
- Agriculture benefits from genetically modified crops that show improved yield and pest resistance.
- Medicine has advanced with the development of targeted therapies and personalized medicine.
- Environmental sustainability is promoted through bioremediation techniques for pollution control.
- Food production has increased efficiency via fermentation processes and biotechnological innovations.
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