Biotechnology IT Applications - Lecture 2

<p>By allocating devices efficiently and effectively (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Controlling user access to data (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To retrieve interrupted process states after a processor failure. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Network Operating System (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Dependence on a central location for operations. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Controlling air traffic with strict time requirements. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An OS built into the hardware of devices. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cost-effective consumer-level hardware. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It facilitates communication among autonomous systems. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The interval required to process and respond to inputs. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Execute user programs and make solving user problems easier (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The individual hardware components of a computer (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Software designed to perform specific tasks for users (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Microsoft Office (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It helps users run specific applications. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>User authentication and management tools (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is often designed for mobile devices (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Windows 7, 8, 10, 11 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>System software provides a platform for application software to function. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To run independently of application software (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Operating system settings (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Application software cannot run without system software. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>User Mode (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Compatibility with the operating system (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A new hardware device requires no changes to the user/applications. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Compatibility with existing applications and hardware (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The length of jobs is predictable while in queue. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Jobs may wait an unknown time if a previous job fails. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By executing multiple jobs simultaneously using a single processor. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It specifies the time allocated to each task for execution. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They ensure complete reliability. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They provide a faster processing speed. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Unix (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It can run with as little as 128MB of RAM. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They organize jobs to ensure the CPU always has a job to execute. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It rarely hangs or slows down. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Users have control over which updates to install. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Users can run Linux without installing it. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Most widely used programming languages. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Beginners to Linux. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It can function in varied environments like desktops and servers. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It provides an interactive interface similar to Windows. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The operating system manages all devices connected to the computer. It acts as a central coordinator.

The operating system controls which program gets to use a device and for how long, ensuring efficient resource allocation.

When a program no longer needs a device, the operating system reclaims it and makes it available for other programs to use.

The operating system protects user data and programs from unauthorized access by using passwords and assigning access rights.

The operating system provides a user interface (UI) for users to interact with the computer. There are two main types of UI: Command Line Interface (CLI) and Graphical User Interface (GUI).

A type of software that manages and controls the hardware resources of a computer system. It provides a platform for applications to run on and interacts with hardware devices.

A category of software designed for specific tasks such as word processing, spreadsheets, presentations, or image editing. It interacts directly with the user.

A graphical operating system known for its user-friendly interface and large library of applications. Designed primarily for personal computers.

A layered approach to accessing computer resources, where each layer only communicates with the layer above and below it. This allows for isolation and modularity.

The core of an operating system, providing direct control over hardware resources and managing the system's functionality.

The part of an operating system that allows users to interact with the system. It provides a user interface, manages file systems, and controls application execution.

Software components that allow the operating system to communicate with and control hardware devices. Each device requires specific drivers.

An operating system designed for servers, offering features like increased security, scalability, and reliability. It provides the foundation for businesses and organizations to manage their data and applications.

A type of operating system where multiple computers are interconnected and communicate via a shared network. Each computer has its own CPU and memory, leading to a loosely coupled system.

A type of operating system that runs on a server and manages resources like data, users, security, and applications for a network of client computers.

Operating systems designed for real-time systems where quick response times are critical, ensuring timely processing and reactions. They are often used in applications with stringent time constraints.

A type of operating system designed to run within the circuitry of a specific electronic device, often with limited resources.

The primary goal of an operating system is to provide a user-friendly environment for interacting with the computer. It facilitates tasks through programs and helps users solve problems.

Operating systems strive to make computing convenient by offering intuitive interfaces, managing files efficiently, and providing essential tools for users.

Operating systems focus on optimizing the use of computer hardware resources, ensuring efficient allocation of memory, disk space, and processing power.

System software plays a crucial role in managing low-level details like data transfer between memory and disk or rendering text on a display, allowing users and applications to interact with the computer without needing to understand these complex processes.

System software is designed to ensure that different hardware components work together seamlessly, presenting a unified system to the user.

Typical system software includes the operating system and essential utilities like disk formatters, file managers, and network control tools.

A type of operating system (OS) that runs multiple tasks concurrently using a single processor. It enhances CPU efficiency by ensuring there is always a job ready to execute.

The time slice allocated to each task in a time-sharing operating system. Once the time quantum expires, the operating system switches to the next task.

Operating systems designed to handle jobs that require a large amount of processing time, often without user interaction. They excel at processing bulk tasks efficiently.

Operating systems that utilize multiple processors to execute tasks simultaneously, resulting in significantly faster processing speeds. They often share resources like memory and peripherals.

A type of operating system that allows multiple users to share the same computer system. Each user gets a specific time slot to execute their tasks.

A key characteristic of any multiprogramming operating system. It helps to ensure that the CPU is always busy by selecting and organizing tasks to be executed.

An operating system designed to manage and run large, complex systems like mainframe computers. They handle many tasks simultaneously with advanced features like security and resource management.

A common example of a time-sharing operating system, known for its robustness and versatility. Popular in various environments, from servers to personal computers.

Linux operating systems require a minimum of resources to run, making them suitable for devices with limited memory and storage space.

Linux is known for its stability and reliability, making it suitable for critical systems that need to run continuously without interruptions.

Linux offers high performance across various networks, enabling it to handle a large number of users simultaneously without significant degradation.

Linux is a flexible operating system that can be adapted for different applications, from desktop computing to embedded systems and server environments.

Linux users have complete control over software updates, enabling them to select and install updates at their own pace.

Various Linux distributions offer a wide array of choices for different user needs and preferences.

Linux distributions offer Live CD/USB options, allowing users to try out the system without making any permanent changes to their computer.

Linux provides a graphical user interface (GUI) for a more user-friendly experience, in addition to its command-line interface.