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Biotechnology: Biology and Industry

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Questions and Answers

What is the definition of biotechnology?

Using natural enzymes for producing wine and beer

Applying novel technologies to study physics principles

Developing products and processes using chemical systems

Using technological applications to study biological systems (correct)

Can success in the biotech industry be achieved by only studying biology?

No, other fields of study such as chemistry and engineering are also important (correct)

Yes, biology is the only relevant field of study for the biotech industry

No, success in the biotech industry requires knowledge of history and culture

Yes, as long as one has practical experience in a biotech laboratory

What were the origins of 'biotechnology' around 1750 BC primarily related to?

Selective breeding of crops and livestock

Fermentation for producing wine and beer

Industrial fermentation processes for producing acetone

Use of bacteria and natural enzymes in food production (correct)

During the early 20th century, how was biotechnology primarily used during the first World War?

To produce industrial feedstock such as acetone through microbial fermentation Signup and view all the answers

What is one example of a biotechnology application mentioned in the text?

Crossbreeding plants to produce the largest, sweetest, and most tender ears of corn Signup and view all the answers

In what way does biotechnology relate to the production of beer and wine?

By using natural enzymes in the fermentation process Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of the Human Genome Project?

To identify all genes contained in the DNA of human cells and map their locations to each of the 24 human chromosomes Signup and view all the answers

Who conducted the first genetic engineering experiment?

Paul Berg and Stanely Cohen Signup and view all the answers

What are zebrafish commonly used for in scientific research?

As important experimental model organisms Signup and view all the answers

What did the United States Supreme Court rule in the 1980s regarding genetically modified microorganisms?

Genetically modified microorganisms could be patented Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of Paul Berg's experiments in gene splicing?

They introduced recombinant DNA technology Signup and view all the answers

What was one of the key achievements of the Human Genome Project?

Identifying all genes contained in the DNA of human cells Signup and view all the answers

What did the Casper zebrafish result from?

Mating a zebrafish mutant lacking reflective pigment with a zebrafish lacking black pigment Signup and view all the answers

What is whole-genome shotgun sequencing used for?

Long-range sequence assembly in whole-genome shotgun sequencing Signup and view all the answers