Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the primary concern of public health?
What is the primary concern of public health?
- Disease diagnosis
- Disease prognosis
- Disease treatment
- Disease prevention (correct)
What is the branch of public health that attempts to discover the causes of disease?
What is the branch of public health that attempts to discover the causes of disease?
- Public health investigations
- Medical sciences
- Biostatistics
- Epidemiology (correct)
What is biostatistics primarily concerned with?
What is biostatistics primarily concerned with?
- Biological sciences and medical/health-related disciplines (correct)
- Social sciences and humanities
- Physical sciences and engineering
- Environmental sciences and ecology
What is a population in the context of biostatistics?
What is a population in the context of biostatistics?
What is a sample in the context of biostatistics?
What is a sample in the context of biostatistics?
What is an example of a population?
What is an example of a population?
What is an example of a sample?
What is an example of a sample?
What is an important characteristic of a sample?
What is an important characteristic of a sample?
What type of data is represented by a categorical variable with no natural numerical value?
What type of data is represented by a categorical variable with no natural numerical value?
Which type of data can be ranked but has no intrinsic numerical value?
Which type of data can be ranked but has no intrinsic numerical value?
What type of data represents quantities that take on specific values, usually integers?
What type of data represents quantities that take on specific values, usually integers?
What type of data is represented by quantities that are not restricted to specific values?
What type of data is represented by quantities that are not restricted to specific values?
What type of data is age?
What type of data is age?
What type of variable is usually coded numerically, but the codes are just alternate names?
What type of variable is usually coded numerically, but the codes are just alternate names?
Which type of data is often used to represent education levels?
Which type of data is often used to represent education levels?
What is the main purpose of exploratory data analysis (EDA)?
What is the main purpose of exploratory data analysis (EDA)?
What type of data is represented by the number of traffic accidents?
What type of data is represented by the number of traffic accidents?
What is the term for a summarization of the elements of a population?
What is the term for a summarization of the elements of a population?
What type of data is blood type?
What type of data is blood type?
What type of data is represented by birth weights?
What type of data is represented by birth weights?
What should be the goal when it comes to bias in statistics?
What should be the goal when it comes to bias in statistics?
What comes first in the data analysis process?
What comes first in the data analysis process?
What type of data is nutritional status?
What type of data is nutritional status?
What is the term for a summarization of the elements of a sample?
What is the term for a summarization of the elements of a sample?
What is a characteristic that takes on more than one value called?
What is a characteristic that takes on more than one value called?
Which of the following is an example of a variable?
Which of the following is an example of a variable?
What is the independent variable in a study?
What is the independent variable in a study?
What is the dependent variable in a study?
What is the dependent variable in a study?
In a sample of 50 males, what is gender?
In a sample of 50 males, what is gender?
Which example correctly identifies the independent variable?
Which example correctly identifies the independent variable?
What is a snapshot of a data collection form called?
What is a snapshot of a data collection form called?
What is an example of a variable that is not a characteristic of a person?
What is an example of a variable that is not a characteristic of a person?
Study Notes
Biostatistics
- Biostatistics is the branch of statistics that deals primarily with the biological sciences and medical/health-related disciplines.
- It combines the two disciplines of epidemiology and biostatistics to discover the causes of disease and make disease prevention possible.
Population and Sample
- A population is a collection of persons/things or characteristics of interest to investigate.
- A sample is a subset of a population.
- A sample should be a representative part of the population.
Variables
- A variable is a characteristic that takes on more than one value.
- Examples of variables include age, gender, business income and expenses, country of birth, capital expenditure, class grades, eye color, and vehicle type.
- A variable may also be called a data item.
Independent and Dependent Variables
- The independent variable is the cause; its value is independent of other variables in the study.
- The dependent variable is the effect; its value depends on changes in the independent variable.
Data Types / Measurement Scales
- Nominal data measures values that fall into categories with no natural numerical value.
- Ordinal data falls into categories that can be qualitatively ordered but have no intrinsic numerical value.
- Discrete data is measured quantities that take on specific values, usually integers.
- Continuous data is measured quantities not restricted to specific values.
Central Dogma of Statistics
- A parameter is any summarization of the elements of a population.
- A statistic is any summarization of the elements of a sample.
- The goal is to minimize the difference between the statistic and the parameter.
Descriptive Statistics : Exploratory Data Analysis
- Exploratory Data Analysis (EDA) allows us to visualize distributions and relationships, detect errors, and assess assumptions for confirmatory analysis.
- EDA is the first step of data analysis.
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Description
This tutorial covers the basics of measurement in biostatistics, a branch of public health concerned with disease prevention and epidemiology.
