24 Questions
What does probability (P) measure in medical research?
The likeliness that a random event will occur
What is the advantage of expressing uncertainty quantitatively using probabilities?
It provides an explicit interpretation and exactness
In medical research, what is the ratio of the probability of having an event to the probability of not having the event known as?
Odds
What does odds represent in the context of medical research?
The likelihood of an event occurring relative to the likelihood of it not occurring
What is one disadvantage of expressing uncertainty quantitatively using probabilities?
It may force one to be more exact than is justified
How is probability mathematically defined in medical research?
A function that assigns random events numbers between 0 and 1
What is the formula for prevalence in terms of incidence and duration?
Prevalence = Incidence × Duration
What is the correct term for the people who are susceptible to a particular disease?
At-risk population
What is the relationship between prevalence and incidence?
Prevalence is directly proportional to Incidence
What is an important factor in calculating measures of disease occurrence?
Correct estimate of the numbers of people under study
What population should ideally be excluded when calculating the frequency of cervical cancer?
Men
What aspect does prevalence take into account?
Both new cases (Incidence) and recovery rate
In terms of disease occurrence, what does 'population at risk' refer to?
Those potentially susceptible to the disease
Which factor influences the average duration of a condition?
Recovery rate
During which type of event might 'population at risk' be defined by occupational factors?
Workplace activities
In which group does brucellosis mainly occur, defining the population at risk?
People handling infected animals
What is the probability of having the flu if 1 out of 5 patients have the flu?
0.20
What is the odds of having the flu if the probability of having flu is 0.20?
0.25
What is the relationship between probability and odds when probability is 0.67?
2.0
What is the prevalence of a disease if there are 30 cases out of 50,000 people?
0.0006000
What is the incidence rate if there are 3 cases over a period of 6 person-years?
0.14
What is being measured by attack rate?
Incidence rate during an outbreak
What does odds represent in the context of disease occurrence?
Risk of having an event to the risk of not having the event
What is the measure of time used in calculating incidence rate?
Person-time of observation
Test your understanding of measures of disease occurrence and uncertainty in medical research with this quiz based on the lecture by Stefanos Bonovas, MD, MSc, PhD. Explore qualitative and quantitative expressions of uncertainty and their advantages in medical research.
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
