Bioscience for Paramedics Quiz

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What is the primary function of selective permeability in the plasma membrane?

To facilitate the movement of all substances across the membrane

To generate energy for the cell

To maintain the concentration gradient across the membrane

To regulate what enters and exits the cell (correct)

Which of the following factors determines the permeability of a substance across the plasma membrane?

Size, electrical charge, and solubility (correct)

Size and electrical charge

Solubility and concentration

Temperature and membrane thickness

What is the term for the movement of substances from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration?

Electrochemical gradient

Passive transport (correct)

Osmosis

Active transport

What is the primary source of energy for active transport of substances across the phospholipid bilayer?

ATP produced within the cell Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference in concentration of substances on one side of a membrane compared to the other?

Concentration gradient Signup and view all the answers

Which type of molecules can diffuse through the plasma membrane without the need for a membrane channel or carrier protein?

Lipophilic structures Signup and view all the answers

What is the combination of an ion's concentration and electrical gradient?

Electrochemical gradient Signup and view all the answers

What is the movement of substances from one side of a membrane to the other without the requirement of energy?

Passive transport Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of ion channels in facilitated diffusion?

To facilitate the diffusion of highly charged molecules Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the net passive movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration?

Diffusion Signup and view all the answers

What determines the rate of channel-mediated facilitated diffusion?

The steepness of a substance's electrochemical gradient Signup and view all the answers

What is the process of water molecules moving down their concentration gradient across a semi-permeable membrane?

Osmosis Signup and view all the answers

What is the rate of diffusion of substances across the plasma membrane determined by?

Electrical and concentration gradients, temperature, membrane thickness, membrane surface area, and substance mass Signup and view all the answers

What is the type of diffusion that requires a carrier molecule to assist the movement of substances across the plasma membrane?

Facilitated diffusion Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the water level in the beaker with a higher solute concentration during osmosis?

It increases Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the movement of substances from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration until no concentration gradient remains?

Equilibrium Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the balance of osmotic pressure between the cytosol and the interstitial fluid surrounding a cell?

Tonicity Signup and view all the answers

What is the direction of solute molecules during facilitated diffusion?

From an area of high solute concentration to an area of low solute concentration Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of carrier proteins in facilitated diffusion?

To facilitate the diffusion of solute molecules down their concentration gradient Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of simple diffusion that distinguishes it from active transport?

It does not require energy from ATP Signup and view all the answers

What is the result when the osmotic pressure of the cytosol is equal to the osmotic pressure of the interstitial fluid?

There is no net movement of water and the cell remains the same shape and volume Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the cell when water moves from the surrounding fluid into the cell?

It expands Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the measure of the difference in osmotic pressure between two solutions?

Tonocity Signup and view all the answers

What type of transport uses cellular energy to drive the movement of solutes across the plasma membrane?

Active transport Signup and view all the answers

What is the type of active transport that requires ATP to move larger substances into and out of a cell?

Vesicular transport Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the movement of solutes across the plasma membrane from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration?

Passive transport Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of a cell's plasma membrane?

To allow substances to move into and out of the cell Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of allowing nutrients to enter the cell?

To help essential chemical reactions take place Signup and view all the answers

What happens to waste materials produced by the cell's chemical reactions?

They are excreted from the body Signup and view all the answers

Why is it necessary for substances to move into and out of the cell?

To maintain cellular homeostasis Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the movement of substances across a membrane?

Movement across a membrane Signup and view all the answers

Why is the plasma membrane important for cellular function?

It allows substances to move into and out of the cell Signup and view all the answers

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of selective permeability in the plasma membrane?

Which of the following factors determines the permeability of a substance across the plasma membrane?

What is the term for the movement of substances from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration?

What is the primary source of energy for active transport of substances across the phospholipid bilayer?

What is the difference in concentration of substances on one side of a membrane compared to the other?

Which type of molecules can diffuse through the plasma membrane without the need for a membrane channel or carrier protein?

What is the combination of an ion's concentration and electrical gradient?

What is the movement of substances from one side of a membrane to the other without the requirement of energy?

What is the purpose of ion channels in facilitated diffusion?

What is the term for the net passive movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration?

What determines the rate of channel-mediated facilitated diffusion?

What is the process of water molecules moving down their concentration gradient across a semi-permeable membrane?

What is the rate of diffusion of substances across the plasma membrane determined by?

What is the type of diffusion that requires a carrier molecule to assist the movement of substances across the plasma membrane?

What happens to the water level in the beaker with a higher solute concentration during osmosis?

What is the result of the movement of substances from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration until no concentration gradient remains?

What is the term for the balance of osmotic pressure between the cytosol and the interstitial fluid surrounding a cell?

What is the direction of solute molecules during facilitated diffusion?

What is the purpose of carrier proteins in facilitated diffusion?

What is the characteristic of simple diffusion that distinguishes it from active transport?

What is the result when the osmotic pressure of the cytosol is equal to the osmotic pressure of the interstitial fluid?

What happens to the cell when water moves from the surrounding fluid into the cell?

What is the term used to describe the measure of the difference in osmotic pressure between two solutions?

What type of transport uses cellular energy to drive the movement of solutes across the plasma membrane?

What is the type of active transport that requires ATP to move larger substances into and out of a cell?

What is the term used to describe the movement of solutes across the plasma membrane from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration?

What is the primary function of a cell's plasma membrane?

What is the purpose of allowing nutrients to enter the cell?

What happens to waste materials produced by the cell's chemical reactions?

Why is it necessary for substances to move into and out of the cell?

What is the term for the movement of substances across a membrane?

Why is the plasma membrane important for cellular function?

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