BioSci 107 Lecture 2: Tissues of the Body Epithelium Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of epithelial tissues?

  • To act as selective barriers, secretory surfaces, and provide protection (correct)
  • To facilitate gas exchange
  • To provide structural support to the body
  • To generate electrical signals for the nervous system

What is the role of the basement membrane in epithelial tissues?

  • It facilitates the movement of immune cells across the epithelium
  • It allows for the diffusion of gases between the epithelium and underlying tissues
  • It secretes hormones for the endocrine system
  • It provides structural support and anchoring for the epithelial cells (correct)

Which type of epithelial tissue is responsible for the secretion of enzymes, mucus, or other substances?

  • Glandular epithelium (correct)
  • Cuboidal epithelium
  • Columnar epithelium
  • Squamous epithelium

Which type of epithelial tissue is found lining the alveoli in the lungs?

<p>Simple squamous epithelium (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cell junction is responsible for creating a tight seal between epithelial cells?

<p>Tight junction (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of endocrine glands?

<p>To produce and secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of glandular epithelia?

<p>Secretion (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of gland secretes directly into the blood via interstitial fluid?

<p>Endocrine gland (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of gland secretes into ducts that empty onto the surface of a covering or lining epithelium?

<p>Exocrine gland (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of an exocrine gland?

<p>Salivary gland (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the three characteristics used to describe the structure of multicellular glands?

<p>Structure of duct, structure of secretory area, and function (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of gland is a goblet cell an example of?

<p>Exocrine gland (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of simple epithelial tissues?

<p>Secretion, absorption, and filtration (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of pseudostratified epithelial tissues?

<p>Not all cells are in contact with the basement membrane (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of stratified epithelial tissues?

<p>Protection (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of epithelial cell shape is best suited for secretion and absorption?

<p>Columnar (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of exocrine glands?

<p>Secrete substances onto external surfaces and into passages (ducts) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of epithelial tissue is found in the lining of blood vessels and the respiratory, digestive, urinary, and reproductive systems?

<p>Simple columnar epithelium (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the general function of epithelial tissues related to being 'selective barriers'?

<p>Prevention of fluid transfer (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cell junction is specifically responsible for linking to intermediate filaments called keratin?

<p>Desmosome (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which location would you most likely find exocrine glands?

<p>Salivary glands (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of epithelial tissue is characterized by being arranged in a single layer and found in areas where filtration or diffusion is a key function?

<p>Simple squamous epithelium (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of endocrine glands?

<p>Release hormones directly into the bloodstream (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which feature distinguishes exocrine glands from endocrine glands?

<p>Presence of ducts (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of pseudostratified ciliated epithelial tissue found in the nasal cavity?

<p>Filtration of air (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of epithelial tissue is responsible for the secretion of enzymes, hormones, or other substances directly into the bloodstream?

<p>Endocrine glandular epithelium (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of the basement membrane in epithelial tissues?

<p>Anchor the epithelial cells to the underlying extracellular matrix (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of epithelial tissue is best suited for secretion and absorption due to its columnar cell shape?

<p>Pseudostratified columnar epithelium (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of gland secretes its products directly into the bloodstream rather than onto an external surface or into a duct?

<p>Endocrine gland (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of stratified epithelial tissues?

<p>Protection against physical damage (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between endocrine glands and exocrine glands?

<p>Endocrine glands have distant strong effects, while exocrine glands generally have local effects. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of glandular epithelia, what is the significance of a mixed gland like the pancreas?

<p>Mixed glands like the pancreas secrete into ducts that empty onto surfaces and into the blood. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of epithelial cell is particularly well-suited for secretion, absorption, and protection in glandular tissues?

<p>Simple columnar cells (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What major role does the basement membrane play in glandular epithelia?

<p>Provide structural support and attachment for epithelial cells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes a single-cell gland like goblet cells from multicellular exocrine glands?

<p>Single-cell glands release substances onto surfaces directly, while multicellular exocrine glands can release into ducts or blood. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic of multicellular glands is used to describe the structure of the secretory area?

<p>Arrangement of secretory cells around the duct (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the striations observed in skeletal muscle fibers?

<p>To facilitate the sliding of actin and myosin filaments during muscle contraction (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of the $Z$ discs (or $Z$ lines) in the structure of skeletal muscle?

<p>To anchor the ends of the sarcomeres and transmit the force of contraction (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the primary function of the connective tissue layers surrounding skeletal muscle fibers?

<p>To provide structural support and protection for the muscle fibers (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of the $M$ line in the structure of skeletal muscle?

<p>To hold the thick myosin filaments in the center of the sarcomere (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the primary function of the $H$ zone in the structure of skeletal muscle?

<p>To provide a region where only thick myosin filaments are present (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of the protein $titin$ in the structure of skeletal muscle?

<p>To act as a molecular spring, providing resting tension within the $I$ band of the sarcomere (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle is responsible for stabilizing the stapes, the smallest bone in the human body, and preventing hyperacusis?

<p>Stapedius (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of skeletal muscle tissue?

<p>Producing body movements and maintaining posture (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the longest skeletal muscle in the human body?

<p>Sartorius (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary source of energy used by muscle tissue to generate force?

<p>Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of muscle tissue is responsible for the contraction of the heart?

<p>Cardiac muscle (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate percentage of body tissue mass that muscle tissue comprises?

<p>50% (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component of the intercalated discs is responsible for providing adhesion during cardiac muscle contraction?

<p>Desmosomes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of Purkinje fibers in the heart?

<p>Rapid electrical signal conduction (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What structural component in smooth muscle cells is functionally similar to Z-discs in striated muscle?

<p>Dense bodies (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about cardiac muscle cells is incorrect?

<p>They have multiple nuclei distributed throughout the cell (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of gap junctions in the intercalated discs of cardiac muscle cells?

<p>Facilitating coordinated and rapid electrical conduction (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structural feature distinguishes smooth muscle cells from skeletal and cardiac muscle cells?

<p>Lack of striations (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of neuron has a cell body located off to one side, with the dendrites and axon being continuous?

<p>Unipolar neuron (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of neuron is described as 'rare and function poorly understood', where the anatomy cannot distinguish dendrites from axons?

<p>Anaxonic neuron (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a function of neuroglia (glial cells) in the nervous system?

<p>Propagate action potentials along the length of the neuron (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between endocrine glands and exocrine glands?

<p>Endocrine glands secrete directly into the bloodstream, while exocrine glands secrete into ducts (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of neuron has two distinct processes - a dendritic process that can branch at the tip but not at the cell body, and a separate axon?

<p>Bipolar neuron (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What makes up approximately 50% of the volume of the central nervous system (CNS) and is smaller but more numerous than neurons?

<p>Neuroglia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the intermediate filaments in smooth muscle tissue?

<p>To provide structural support and transmit tension during contraction (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the key difference between the Central Nervous System (CNS) and the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)?

<p>The CNS contains the brain and spinal cord, while the PNS contains all other nervous tissue outside the CNS (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the three major functions of the nervous system according to the passage?

<p>Detection of stimuli, analysis and storage of information, and stimulation of effectors (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between the sensory/afferent division and the motor/efferent division of the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)?

<p>The sensory/afferent division transmits information to the CNS, while the motor/efferent division transmits information from the CNS (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the nervous system according to the passage?

<p>To maintain homeostasis, along with the endocrine system (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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