BioSci 107 Lecture 2: Tissues of the Body Epithelium Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of epithelial tissues?

  • To act as selective barriers, secretory surfaces, and provide protection (correct)
  • To facilitate gas exchange
  • To provide structural support to the body
  • To generate electrical signals for the nervous system

    • What is the role of the basement membrane in epithelial tissues?

  • It facilitates the movement of immune cells across the epithelium
  • It allows for the diffusion of gases between the epithelium and underlying tissues
  • It secretes hormones for the endocrine system
  • It provides structural support and anchoring for the epithelial cells (correct)

    • Which type of epithelial tissue is responsible for the secretion of enzymes, mucus, or other substances?

  • Glandular epithelium (correct)
  • Cuboidal epithelium
  • Columnar epithelium
  • Squamous epithelium

    • Which type of epithelial tissue is found lining the alveoli in the lungs?

    <p>Simple squamous epithelium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of cell junction is responsible for creating a tight seal between epithelial cells?

    <p>Tight junction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of endocrine glands?

    <p>To produce and secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of glandular epithelia?

    <p>Secretion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of gland secretes directly into the blood via interstitial fluid?

    <p>Endocrine gland</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of gland secretes into ducts that empty onto the surface of a covering or lining epithelium?

    <p>Exocrine gland</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of an exocrine gland?

    <p>Salivary gland</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the three characteristics used to describe the structure of multicellular glands?

    <p>Structure of duct, structure of secretory area, and function</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of gland is a goblet cell an example of?

    <p>Exocrine gland</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of simple epithelial tissues?

    <p>Secretion, absorption, and filtration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of pseudostratified epithelial tissues?

    <p>Not all cells are in contact with the basement membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of stratified epithelial tissues?

    <p>Protection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of epithelial cell shape is best suited for secretion and absorption?

    <p>Columnar</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of exocrine glands?

    <p>Secrete substances onto external surfaces and into passages (ducts)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of epithelial tissue is found in the lining of blood vessels and the respiratory, digestive, urinary, and reproductive systems?

    <p>Simple columnar epithelium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the general function of epithelial tissues related to being 'selective barriers'?

    <p>Prevention of fluid transfer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of cell junction is specifically responsible for linking to intermediate filaments called keratin?

    <p>Desmosome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which location would you most likely find exocrine glands?

    <p>Salivary glands</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of epithelial tissue is characterized by being arranged in a single layer and found in areas where filtration or diffusion is a key function?

    <p>Simple squamous epithelium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of endocrine glands?

    <p>Release hormones directly into the bloodstream</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which feature distinguishes exocrine glands from endocrine glands?

    <p>Presence of ducts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of pseudostratified ciliated epithelial tissue found in the nasal cavity?

    <p>Filtration of air</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of epithelial tissue is responsible for the secretion of enzymes, hormones, or other substances directly into the bloodstream?

    <p>Endocrine glandular epithelium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of the basement membrane in epithelial tissues?

    <p>Anchor the epithelial cells to the underlying extracellular matrix</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of epithelial tissue is best suited for secretion and absorption due to its columnar cell shape?

    <p>Pseudostratified columnar epithelium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of gland secretes its products directly into the bloodstream rather than onto an external surface or into a duct?

    <p>Endocrine gland</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of stratified epithelial tissues?

    <p>Protection against physical damage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between endocrine glands and exocrine glands?

    <p>Endocrine glands have distant strong effects, while exocrine glands generally have local effects.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of glandular epithelia, what is the significance of a mixed gland like the pancreas?

    <p>Mixed glands like the pancreas secrete into ducts that empty onto surfaces and into the blood.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of epithelial cell is particularly well-suited for secretion, absorption, and protection in glandular tissues?

    <p>Simple columnar cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What major role does the basement membrane play in glandular epithelia?

    <p>Provide structural support and attachment for epithelial cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes a single-cell gland like goblet cells from multicellular exocrine glands?

    <p>Single-cell glands release substances onto surfaces directly, while multicellular exocrine glands can release into ducts or blood.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which characteristic of multicellular glands is used to describe the structure of the secretory area?

    <p>Arrangement of secretory cells around the duct</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the striations observed in skeletal muscle fibers?

    <p>To facilitate the sliding of actin and myosin filaments during muscle contraction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of the $Z$ discs (or $Z$ lines) in the structure of skeletal muscle?

    <p>To anchor the ends of the sarcomeres and transmit the force of contraction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the primary function of the connective tissue layers surrounding skeletal muscle fibers?

    <p>To provide structural support and protection for the muscle fibers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of the $M$ line in the structure of skeletal muscle?

    <p>To hold the thick myosin filaments in the center of the sarcomere</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the primary function of the $H$ zone in the structure of skeletal muscle?

    <p>To provide a region where only thick myosin filaments are present</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of the protein $titin$ in the structure of skeletal muscle?

    <p>To act as a molecular spring, providing resting tension within the $I$ band of the sarcomere</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle is responsible for stabilizing the stapes, the smallest bone in the human body, and preventing hyperacusis?

    <p>Stapedius</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of skeletal muscle tissue?

    <p>Producing body movements and maintaining posture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the longest skeletal muscle in the human body?

    <p>Sartorius</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary source of energy used by muscle tissue to generate force?

    <p>Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of muscle tissue is responsible for the contraction of the heart?

    <p>Cardiac muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the approximate percentage of body tissue mass that muscle tissue comprises?

    <p>50%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component of the intercalated discs is responsible for providing adhesion during cardiac muscle contraction?

    <p>Desmosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of Purkinje fibers in the heart?

    <p>Rapid electrical signal conduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structural component in smooth muscle cells is functionally similar to Z-discs in striated muscle?

    <p>Dense bodies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about cardiac muscle cells is incorrect?

    <p>They have multiple nuclei distributed throughout the cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of gap junctions in the intercalated discs of cardiac muscle cells?

    <p>Facilitating coordinated and rapid electrical conduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structural feature distinguishes smooth muscle cells from skeletal and cardiac muscle cells?

    <p>Lack of striations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of neuron has a cell body located off to one side, with the dendrites and axon being continuous?

    <p>Unipolar neuron</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of neuron is described as 'rare and function poorly understood', where the anatomy cannot distinguish dendrites from axons?

    <p>Anaxonic neuron</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a function of neuroglia (glial cells) in the nervous system?

    <p>Propagate action potentials along the length of the neuron</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between endocrine glands and exocrine glands?

    <p>Endocrine glands secrete directly into the bloodstream, while exocrine glands secrete into ducts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of neuron has two distinct processes - a dendritic process that can branch at the tip but not at the cell body, and a separate axon?

    <p>Bipolar neuron</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What makes up approximately 50% of the volume of the central nervous system (CNS) and is smaller but more numerous than neurons?

    <p>Neuroglia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the intermediate filaments in smooth muscle tissue?

    <p>To provide structural support and transmit tension during contraction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key difference between the Central Nervous System (CNS) and the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)?

    <p>The CNS contains the brain and spinal cord, while the PNS contains all other nervous tissue outside the CNS</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the three major functions of the nervous system according to the passage?

    <p>Detection of stimuli, analysis and storage of information, and stimulation of effectors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between the sensory/afferent division and the motor/efferent division of the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)?

    <p>The sensory/afferent division transmits information to the CNS, while the motor/efferent division transmits information from the CNS</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the nervous system according to the passage?

    <p>To maintain homeostasis, along with the endocrine system</p> Signup and view all the answers

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