Biosafety in Sample Collection and Shipping
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Questions and Answers

Biosafety is primarily concerned with protecting the environment.

False (B)

Transporting infectious substances does not require strict regulations.

False (B)

The International Air Transportation Association (IATA) provides guidelines for the shipping of infectious substances.

True (A)

Laboratories should be selected based on the specimen and analyses required.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Only international regulations dictate the transport of infectious substances.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The primary goal of biosafety is to prevent accidental release of pathogens.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Regular amendments to transport regulations do not affect the shipping of infectious substances.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Failure to comply with packaging and labeling regulations can lead to efficient transport.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Ebola is classified as a Category A infectious substance.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The triple packaging system consists of two layers of protection.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When the triple packaging is not available, materials should be packed according to national transportation rules only.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The outer packaging's smallest overall external dimension must be 15 x 15 cm.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Infectious substances in Category B must use a biohazard label.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Primary receptacles should not be leak-proof.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Severe pathogens classified under Category A are dangerous only in culture.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Absorbent material is not necessary in the secondary receptacle.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The IATA provides instructions for the proper labeling and marking of packages carrying infectious substances.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Secondary packaging must not include any cushioning materials.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The specimen collection date is optional on a request form.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flexible shipping arrangements are only considered under specific international guidelines.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Haemorrhagic fever agents are included in the Category A list of pathogens.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The World Health Organization is not involved in developing guidelines for sample collection and shipping.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Sample Collection and Shipping

  • Transport, biosafety, and disinfection are crucial for sample collection and shipping.
  • Learning objectives include understanding biosafety principles, pathogen transport methods, biosafety levels in labs, and general disinfection practices.

Laboratory Biosafety

  • WHO defines laboratory biosafety as containment principles, technologies, and practices designed to avoid unintentional exposure to pathogens or toxins, or their accidental release.

Principles of Biosafety

  • Biosafety principles protect patients, the individual handling the samples, and the surrounding environment.

Air Transport of Infectious Substances

  • International Air Transportation Association (IATA) guidelines for infectious substances shipping are used.
  • The UN and ICAO have established regulations related to the transport of infectious substances, and IATA guidelines adhere to these standards.

Transport Regulations (1)

  • Infectious substances transport is regulated by national and international laws.
  • Regulations emphasize proper packaging, labeling, and notification.

Transport Regulations (2)

  • Transport regulations are subject to revisions and amendments.
  • Regulations necessitate compliance with the most recent national and global requirements.
  • Local guidelines supersede international guidelines where applicable.

How to Select a Laboratory

  • Laboratory selection depends on the specimen type, required analysis, and lab capabilities.
  • Evaluate lab capacity before sample shipment.
  • Analyze specimen type, consider specific laboratory requirements (e.g., Ebola diagnosis).
  • Identify recipient and relevant lab before shipment.
  • Consider available transportation options and the timing of the process.
  • Factor in the capacity of various lab options ( national reference labs, WHO collaborating centres, hospital labs, network labs).

What to Include on a Request Form

  • Specimen collection date and time are necessary.
  • Epidemiological data ( patient identifiers, age, sex, etc.) to help link laboratory and epidemiological data.
  • Details of suspected clinical diagnoses and major symptoms.
  • Contextual information about potential outbreaks or routine surveillance is needed.
  • Sender's name(s) and contact information.

Triple Packaging

  • Triple packaging is important to protect the environment, the carrying material, and the specimen itself.
  • It protects goods during transport while adhering to international dangerous goods transport rules, and guidelines provided by the IATA.

The Basic Triple Packaging System

  • Three layers of protection ensure safe specimen transport: primary receptacle, secondary packaging, and outer packaging.
  • IATA guidelines specify details about packaging requirements, markings, labeling, documentation, and proper refrigerant usage.

The Basic Triple Packaging System: Primary Receptacle

  • Leak-proof, specimen containers.
  • Sufficient absorbent material to absorb the entire primary receptacle content.

The Basic Triple Packaging System: Secondary Receptacle

  • Leak-proof secondary containers.
  • Encloses and protects the primary receptacle(s).
  • May contain multiple cushioned primary receptacles.

The Basic Triple Packaging System: Outer Packaging

  • Outer packaging cushions secondary packaging to protect it from damage during transit.
  • Outer packaging should have a small enough overall dimension, e.g. dimensions of 10cm by 10cm

Infectious Substances Included in Category A

  • Highly pathogenic microorganisms.
  • List of these microorganisms is available.
  • This includes Haemorrhagic fever agents and Variola virus.
  • Also, includes other pathogens dangerous only in culture (important for lab personnel).

Key Principles: Dangerous Goods

  • Infectious materials are classified as Category B and A.
  • Different packaging and marking specifications are applicable to each category.
  • Category B Infectious substances can be shipped inside a “602” package provided labelling and marking comply with standards.
  • Category A Infectious substances are not permitted in a "650" package.

Category A

  • A list of specific infectious biological substances is given, and each can only be sent as a culture.

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Transport, Biosafety and Disinfection Guidelines PDF

Description

This quiz covers critical aspects of biosafety, sample collection, and shipping procedures. Learn about the principles of biosafety, transport regulations for infectious substances, and international guidelines set by organizations like IATA. Understand the significance of maintaining safety for individuals and the environment during laboratory processes.

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