Biophysics Chapter 1 Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT one of the basic quantities in mechanics?

  • Force
  • Temperature (correct)
  • Length
  • Mass

What is the standard of length based on?

  • Speed of light in vacuum (correct)
  • Time measured by atomic clocks
  • Mass of water
  • Distance of the Earth to the Sun

What is the value of 1 meter as defined since 1983?

  • Distance travelled by light in vacuum during 1/299,792,458 seconds (correct)
  • Distance travelled by light in one second
  • Distance equal to 100 centimeters
  • Distance equating to 39.37 inches

Which of the following represents a basic quantity of mass?

<p>Kilogram (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the context in which the standards of length, mass, and time are expressed?

<p>Physics (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mass standard based on since 1887?

<p>Platinum-Iridium alloy cylinder (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following chapters covers Fluid Dynamics and Its Biological and Medical Applications?

<p>Chapter 4 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the evaluation structure, what is the lowest weight assigned to an assessment?

<p>Quizzes/assignments (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What unit is used to measure time in the International System of Units (SI)?

<p>Second (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is the second defined in the context of atomic clocks?

<p>Based on the period of vibration of the Cs137 atom (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following quantities has the dimension of $L^2$?

<p>Area (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the SI unit for measuring electric current?

<p>Ampere (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which expression correctly represents the dimension of kinetic energy?

<p>ML^2T^{-2} (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between potential energy and kinetic energy in classical mechanics?

<p>Potential energy equals kinetic energy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of dimensional analysis, which of the following correctly describes velocity?

<p>Length divided by time (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to dimensional analysis, which of the following quantities has the dimension of $MLT^{-1}$?

<p>Momentum (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of dimensional analysis in formula evaluation?

<p>To check the validity of a specific formula and derive some formulas. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the formula for distance travelled, $x = rac{1}{2} at^2$, suggest about the relationship between distance, acceleration, and time?

<p>Distance is directly proportional to the product of acceleration and time squared. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In dimensional analysis, if the left-hand side (L.H.S) represents distance with the dimension $[L]$, what should the right-hand side (R.H.S) dimensions equal?

<p>[L] (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When deriving a formula using dimensions, what is the main assumption made about the factors affecting distance?

<p>Both acceleration and time affect distance. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the expression $a = kr^{-1}v^{-2}$, what does the negative exponent on $r$ indicate?

<p>Acceleration decreases with increasing radius. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the values of n and m when determining the powers affecting acceleration in the dimensional equation?

<p>They are determined through the process of matching dimensions. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why might it be necessary to convert units in dimensional analysis?

<p>To maintain consistency in calculations across different systems. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the derived formula for distance when both acceleration and time are considered in the equation?

<p>x = k a t^2 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the volume of a solid cube with each edge measuring 5.35 cm in basic SI units?

<p>1.53 x 10^-4 m³ (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is density calculated for the solid cube with a mass of 856 g?

<p>Density = Mass/Volume (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following equations is dimensionally correct?

<p>vf = vi + ax (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the SI units of the proportionality constant G in Newton’s law of universal gravitation?

<p>m³/kg·s² (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula for the period of a pendulum in relation to its length?

<p>t = 2π * √(g/λ) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Convert 5.35 cm to meters using the appropriate conversion factor.

<p>0.0535 m (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If the mass of an object is 0.856 kg and its volume is 1.53 x 10^-4 m³, what is the density?

<p>5.59 x 10^3 kg/m³ (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between gravitational force and distance in Newton’s law of universal gravitation?

<p>The force increases with decreasing distance (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Standard of length

The standard unit for length, defined as the distance light travels in a vacuum during a specific time interval.

Meter

The SI unit of length, equivalent to the distance light travels in a vacuum in 1/299,792,458 of a second.

Standard of mass

The standard unit for mass, usually defined by a physical object.

Kilogram

The SI unit of mass, defined by the mass of a specific platinum-iridium alloy cylinder.

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Physics and Measurement

The study of fundamental concepts and units in physics, including length, mass, and time.

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Dimensional Analysis

A method for analyzing and checking the consistency of equations, ensuring the units match on both sides.

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Conversion of Units

The process of changing a measurement from one unit to another.

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Mechanics Basic Quantities

Fundamental quantities: length, mass, and time, used to express all quantities in mechanics.

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Dimensional Analysis

A method to check the validity and derive formulas by analyzing the dimensions of variables.

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Formula Validation (DA)

Checking if a formula's dimensions match on both sides.

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Formula Derivation (DA)

Using dimensions to figure out formulas.

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Power Law Analysis (DA)

Finding relationships in formulas involving powers of variables.

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Units Conversion

Changing units of measurement from one system to another.

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Consistent Dimensions

All terms in an equation have the same units.

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SI unit for time

The second (s), defined by the characteristic frequency of radiation from a cesium-137 atom.

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Second (s) Definition

1 second = 9,192,631,770 periods of radiation.

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Mechanics Basic Quantities

Fundamental concepts in mechanics: Length, Mass, and Time.

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Dimensional Analysis

Method to check the consistency of physics equations, verifying units match.

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Dimension of area

Length squared (L²).

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Dimension of Velocity

Length per time (LT⁻¹)

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Dimension of Acceleration

Length per time squared (LT⁻²).

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Dimension of Kinetic Energy

Mass times length squared per time squared (ML²T⁻²).

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Dimension of Potential Energy

Mass times length squared per time squared (ML²T⁻²).

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Dimensional Analysis

A method to check the validity and derive formulas by analyzing the dimensions of variables.

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SI Units

The International System of Units, a standard system of measurement based on the meter, kilogram, and second.

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Density (SI)

Mass per unit volume, measured in kilograms per cubic meter (kg/m³).

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Dimensional Consistency (Formula)

All terms in a formula have the same physical dimensions.

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Units of Force (SI)

Kilograms times meters divided by seconds squared (kg·m/s²).

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Units of Gravitational Constant (G)

Units of G are determined by Newton's law of universal gravitation equation (Force = GMm/r^2) given that force units are kg⋅m/s^2.

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Units of Pendulum Period

The period of a pendulum involves length and acceleration, thus units are ONLY Time.

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Study Notes

Biophysics Course

  • Instructor: Dr. Mohaned Mohmmed
  • Institution: Badr University, Assiut
  • Course Delivery: Face-to-face lectures
  • Textbooks:
    • Physics for Scientists and Engineers by R.A. Serway and J.W. Jewett, 8th Edition, Thomson Books/Cole 2013
    • College Physics by Paul Peter Urone, Roger Hinrichs, OpenStax

Course Evaluation

  • Mid-term exam: 10 marks
  • Quizzes/Assignments: 10 marks
  • Practical exam: 20 marks
  • Oral exam: 10 marks
  • Final exam: 50 marks

Course Topics & Timeline

  • Chapter 1 (2 weeks): Physics and Measurement
  • Chapter 2 (4 weeks): Statics and Torque (Mid-term exam)
  • Chapter 3 (2 weeks): Fluid Statics
  • Chapter 4 (2 weeks): Fluid Dynamics and Biological/Medical Applications
  • Chapter 5 (2 weeks): Physics of Hearing
  • Final Exam: (Time not specified)

Chapter 1: Physics and Measurement

  • Topics:
    • Standards of length, mass, and time
    • Dimensional Analysis
    • Conversion of units

1. Standards of Length, Mass, and Time

  • Length: Based on the speed of light in a vacuum (since 1983).
    • 1 meter is the distance light travels in a vacuum in 1/299,792,458 of a second.
  • Mass: Based on the mass of a platinum-iridium (Pt-Ir) alloy cylinder (since 1887).
    • 1 kilogram is the mass of this specific alloy cylinder.
  • Time: Based on the atomic clock (since 1960).
    • 1 second is based on the characteristic frequency of radiation from a Cesium-133 (Cs133) atom.

2. Dimensional Analysis

  • Dimensions: Represent the physical nature of a quantity.
  • Basic Quantities in Mechanics: Length (L), Mass (M), Time (T)
  • Examples:
    • Area: L²
    • Volume: L³
    • Velocity: LT⁻¹
    • Acceleration: LT⁻²

3. Conversion of Units

  • Examples:
    • 1 mile = 1609 meters
    • 1 foot = 0.3048 meters
    • 1 inch = 0.0254 meters
    • 1 kg = 1000 grams

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