18 Questions
What is the monomer of proteins?
Amino acids
Which of the following is the monomer of carbohydrates?
Monosaccharide
What is the monomer of lipids?
Fatty acids
Which of the following is NOT a function of proteins?
Energy storage
Which of the following statements about carbohydrates is correct?
Carbohydrates are a source of quick energy for the body.
What happens when the electronegativity difference of combining atoms in a molecule is 0.4?
The molecule is nonpolar.
Which biomolecule serves as the primary source of energy?
Carbohydrates
Which monomer is NOT correctly matched with its biomolecule?
Amino acids - Carbohydrates
What is the main function of proteins in living organisms?
Build and repair body tissues
Why do marathon runners consume a carbohydrate-rich meal before a race?
To increase stored muscle glycogen
Which biomolecule is known for its role in insulation and energy storage?
Lipids
In chemical kinetics, what term describes the speed at which a chemical reaction takes place?
Rate of reaction
Which of the following is a function of biological macromolecules?
Serving as a genetic material in cells
Which of the following is a common misconception about proteins as monomers?
They are exclusively used for energy storage
What is a primary function of carbohydrates as monomers?
Providing a quick source of energy
Which of the following is not a function of lipids as monomers?
Aiding in transport of oxygen in the blood
In the context of biomolecules, what does the term 'monomer' refer to?
The building block unit that can bond to form larger molecules
How do biological macromolecules contribute to the structural integrity of cells?
By forming rigid, stable structures within cell membranes
Study Notes
Biomolecules
- Carbohydrates: except Chitin, primary source of energy, composed of monosaccharides, example: starch
- Proteins: built and repair body tissues, composed of amino acids, example: hemoglobin
- Lipids: insulation and energy storage, composed of fatty acids and glycerol, example: cholesterol
- Nucleic acid: transfer of genetic information, composed of nucleotides, example: DNA
Chemical Kinetics
- Study of the rate of chemical reactions
- Reaction rate: the speed at which a chemical reaction takes place
- Reaction mechanism: a sequence of reaction steps that show how reactants are converted to products
- Factors affecting the rate of reactions
Polarity of Molecules
- Identifying polar or nonpolar molecules based on electronegativity difference
- Nonpolar molecules: electronegativity difference ≤ 0.5
- Polar molecules: electronegativity difference > 0.5
- Covalent bond: formed through sharing of electrons, exists between non-metals
Biological Macromolecules
- Proteins: monomer is amino acids
- Carbohydrates: monomer is monosaccharide
- Lipids: monomer is fatty acids and glycerol
Cosmic Origin of Elements
- Big Bang Theory: most accepted theory about the formation of the universe
- Nucleosynthesis: process of creating new atomic nuclei from pre-existing nuclei
- Big Bang Nucleosynthesis: responsible for the formation of light elements such as Hydrogen and Helium
- Nuclear fusion: process of forming heavier elements, example: Carbon is formed when three Helium atoms are fused
Test your knowledge on biomolecules such as carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. Identify examples of biomolecules, their monomers, functions, and distinguishing characteristics.
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