Biomolecular Detection Assays Chapter 2

Which of these interactions are involved in methylene blue's (MB) intercalation into the DNA double helix?

The presence of methylene blue (MB) in a free state increases the redox currents.

What is the primary reason for using MB as a redox probe in real-time electrochemical LAMP?

When MB intercalates into the DNA minor groove, the ______ signals are significantly reduced.

Match the following reagents with their respective roles in the integrated paper/polymer system for on-chip RT-LAMP and colorimetric detection of PCA3:

What is the function of the sponge-like PVA pad in the RT-LAMP system?

How is the RT-LAMP product transferred to the colorimetric detection zone in the integrated system?

The integrated paper/polymer system for PCA3 detection utilizes a single detection zone for both amplification and colorimetric detection.

Which of the following substances can be detected in saliva?

Urine analysis is an invasive method used to evaluate the functional status of organs.

What role do growth factors play in saliva?

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is a clear, __________ liquid found in your brain and spinal cord.

What significant biomarker can indicate chronic kidney disease?

Citrate is irrelevant to kidney dysfunction and prostate cancer.

Match the body fluid with its primary use:

Cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers reflect molecular changes in the __________.

What is the primary purpose of MIP-based assays?

Nucleic acid hybridization involves the separation of two single-stranded nucleic acid molecules.

Name one technique commonly used for identifying nucleic acid sequences.

LAMP uses ___ to recognize distinct regions of target DNA.

Match the following components of LAMP with their roles:

Which of the following is considered a viable alternative to PCR for diagnostic purposes?

Extrusion of H-FABP as a template protein leads to a rougher surface in MIP.

What does RT-PCR stand for?

What method is used to amplify target-bound sequences in DNA SELEX?

It typically takes several hours to obtain specific aptamer candidates through the selection process.

In the signal-on aptamer-based cocaine detection, what happens to fluorescence when cocaine binds to the aptamer?

Binding of target analyte TNF-a is detected by changes in _____ between redox reporters and electrodes.

Match the following aptamer applications with their targets:

Which process occurs first during the selection step in creating aptamers?

The redox current decreases when the redox tag moves closer to the electrode.

What is the primary role of the quencher in the aptamer-based cocaine detection?

What component is conjugated to the 5' C-strand in the DNA sequence?

The two C-strands hybridizing into a hairpin structure minimizes background fluorescence.

What is the purpose of the MIP-based assay for SARS-CoV-2 nucleoprotein?

The molecular imprinting method involves polymerization of a functional monomer and a __________ around a template molecule.

What occurs to the two C-strands upon target binding?

Match the following components with their roles:

The template molecule remains in the polymer after MIP processing.

What is formed between the template molecule and the functional monomer in the molecular imprinting method?

What is the role of molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) nanoflakes in the oxidation process?

The absorbance of solutions decreases with increasing concentrations of uric acid (UA).

What color change occurs when 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) is oxidized?

Affinity-based assays utilize specific binding interactions between the analyte and __________.

Match the following terms related to assays with their definitions:

At what wavelength does the absorbance increase when measuring uric acid concentration?

Many biochemical analytes can be detected using enzymatic assays without limitations.

What is the concentration range of uric acid studied in the absorbance measurements?