59 Questions
What is the definition of biomechanics?
The study of the structure, function, and motion of biological systems at the cellular level.
Who is the author of the DMedSc doctoral thesis dissertation on injectable bioactive gelatin-hyaluronan-calcium phosphate (GH-CP) and its osteogenic potential for flapless guided bone regeneration (GBR)?
Prof. Young K. Kim
What does the yellow flag under the left corner signify in the text?
It indicates information that is not relevant for the exam.
What is the academic affiliation of Prof. Young K. Kim?
Clinical Assistant Professor at NYUCD, Dept. of Prosthodontics
What is the relationship between crown height and implant diameter known as?
C/I ratio
Which connection system offers high resistance to non-axial loading and minimal rotational 'slop'?
Internal hex
What may occur with resorbed peri-implant crestal bone due to internal tapered connections?
Implant fracture
What is used to favorably distribute stresses in implant dentistry?
Splinting
What is the concept introduced by Kim YK in 2022 as a replacement for A-P spread?
PIAAR calculation
What is PIAAR-ant (anterior cantilever) calculated as?
(Pros-AA-ant) / (Pros-AA-ant + Plat AA)
What does the C/I ratio tend to preserve over time?
Bone density
Which force on dental implant abutments is magnified with greater crown heights?
Clamping force
What is the risk associated with internal tapered connections due to extensive load applied to the walls?
Implant fracture
What is the distance between implant platforms and the most anteriorly distant implant known as?
A-P spread rule
What can the PIAAR-lat (lateral cantilever) calculation be used for?
To reduce clamping force requirements
Which concept is introduced by Kim YK in 2022 as a replacement for A-P spread?
Prosthesis-Implant Arch Area Ratio (PIAAR)
What is the recommended minimum abutment height for cement-retained crowns in implant dentistry?
4mm for all types of restorations
What is the suggested vertical space requirement for splinted implant-retained overdentures?
15-20mm
Is the crown-to-root ratio an applied concept in implant dentistry?
No, it is not an applied concept
What has been shown to achieve a long-term survival rate with increased Crown-to-Implant (C/I) ratio?
Controlling occlusion and parafunctional habits
What type of implants have shown success similar to long implants in terms of survival?
Short implants with moderately rough surfaces
What is the recommended minimum abutment height for all-ceramic restorations in implant dentistry?
2mm
What type of restorations require a minimum of 1mm abutment height in implant dentistry?
All-metal restorations
What has shown less bone loss with time in implant dentistry?
Greater crown-to-implant ratios
In what type of procedures, short implants are considered as a viable option to long implants?
When additional surgical augmentation procedures are considered
What influences the force on the abutment screw?
Crown-to-Implant (C/I) ratio
What is the process of osteogenesis initiated by?
Signaling molecules or chemoattractants
Which factor is included in the prosthodontic occlusal reference plan?
Implant-crown ratio
What is another term for peri-implant endosseous healing?
Osseointegration
Which type of bone is considered 'poor quality' according to the text?
Class IV
What does Misch's classification Type II bone require for osseointegration?
Approximately 4 months
What principles are involved in computer-guided prosthetically-driven Biomechanics in implant dentistry?
Osteogenesis, peri-implant endosseous healing, and implant features & surface science
What is involved in the cellular prosthodontic occlusal reference plan?
Inter-arch space and splinting
What does Class IV bone have more of compared to Class I bone?
Surface area
What type of cells are involved in osteo-conduction according to the text?
Implanted scaffolds attract osteogenic cells and neovascularization
Which process involves platelet activation and directed osteogenic cell migration?
Osseointegration
Which factor is NOT included in the prosthodontic occlusal reference plan?
Peri-implant endosseous healing
Which bone type has less blood supply according to Misch's classification?
Type I
What process relies on the recruitment and migration of osteogenic cells to the implant surface through the residue of the periimplant blood clot?
Osteoconduction
What triggers directed osteogenic cell migration and leads to de novo bone formation?
Initiation of platelet activation
Which protein initiates calcium phosphate nucleation for further mineralization?
Osteopontin
What occurs followed by the assembly of collagen fibers in the process of de novo bone formation?
Crystallization of elongated calcium phosphates
What influences bone matrix-related gene expression and enhances bone apposition?
Implant surface topography
Which surface treatment involves sandblasting with aluminous oxide and acid etching with hydrogen sulfate or hydrogen chloride, protected from air/carbon contamination via submerging in saline solutions?
SLA (Sandblasted, large grit, acid-etched surface treatment)
What has been shown to result in greater alkaline phosphatase activity, indicating enhanced bone formation and integration?
SLA treatment
Which process results in the formation of a mineralized interfacial matrix equivalent to that seen in the cement line in natural bone tissue?
De novo bone formation
What occurs amongst collagen-free calcified layers with non-collagen proteins?
Crystallization of elongated calcium phosphates
Which type of surface treatment involves titanium plasma-spray?
Titanium plasma-spray
What excretion by osteogenic cells initiates calcium phosphate nucleation for further mineralization?
Osteopontin
What influences bone apposition?
Implant surface topography
What is the main focus of implant dentistry?
Biomechanics
How can primary stability of an implant be assessed?
Subjective assessment
What are the classifications for implant placement protocols?
Same-day placement, delayed placement, and various loading protocols
What is the minimum mesiodistal distance between implants and adjacent teeth at the bone level?
1-2mm
What should be considered for the orofacial implant position?
Optimize screw channel location
What is the purpose of sinking the implant shoulder subcrestally?
To optimize screw channel location
What is the role of enhanced osteogenesis in osseointegration?
To improve osseointegration
How does insertion torque differ from primary stability?
Primary stability measures the maximum force during implant placement
What are the loading protocol classifications for implants?
Immediate restoration or non-functional loading
Study Notes
- The use of Enhanced Osteogenesis on SLA (Surface Layer Analysis) surfaces results in better osseointegration than conventional TPS (titanium plasma spray)
- Less bone resorption was observed with Enhanced Osteogenesis after a 3-year follow-up compared to TPS
- Biomechanics plays a crucial role in implant dentistry
- Primary stability and insertion torque are important factors in implant dentistry, but they are not the same
- Primary stability refers to the initial stability of an implant in the bone, while insertion torque is the maximum force applied during implant placement
- Primary stability can be assessed through subjective assessment, maximum insertion torque, or resonance frequency analysis
- Implant placement protocols include same-day placement, delayed placement, and various loading protocols
- The placement protocol classifications include Type 1, Type II, Type III, and Type IV implants
- The loading protocol classifications include immediate restoration or non-functional loading, immediate loading, progressive loading, and delayed loading
- The dimensional planning for dental implants includes considerations for minimum distances between implants and adjacent teeth, minimum bone thickness, and orofacial implant position.
- The orofacial implant position should be chosen to optimize the screw channel location, and the implant shoulder should be sinked around 1~1.5mm subcrestally with a sloping crest for prosthetic components.
- Prosthodontic principles should be applied in the surgical placement of dental implants.
- The minimum mesiodistal distance between implants and adjacent teeth at the bone level is 1.5mm and 3mm for adjacent implants.
- The bone layer for implant positioning should be at least 1-2mm thick.
- The orofacial implant position and axis should be chosen to optimize screw channel location, with the anterior position being behind the incised edge and the posterior position at the center.
- The coronoapical implant position requires the implant shoulder to be sinked around 1~1.5mm subcrestally and the crestal bone to be in a sloping edge.
Test your knowledge on biomechanics in implant dentistry with this quiz. Learn about topics such as primary stability, insertion torque, bone resorption, and implant geometry.
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