Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the name of the process where a sperm and an egg join together?
What is the name of the process where a sperm and an egg join together?
- Fertilization (correct)
- Menstruation
- Puberty
- Reproduction
Where does fertilization typically take place?
Where does fertilization typically take place?
- Ovaries
- Uterus
- Oviducts (correct)
- Birth canal
What is the main function of the testes in the male reproductive system?
What is the main function of the testes in the male reproductive system?
- Produce sperm (correct)
- Store sperm
- Transport sperm
- Produce hormones
Which of the following is NOT a change that occurs in boys during puberty?
Which of the following is NOT a change that occurs in boys during puberty?
What is the name of the lining of the uterus that is shed during menstruation?
What is the name of the lining of the uterus that is shed during menstruation?
Which of the following is considered a living organism?
Which of the following is considered a living organism?
What is the name of the process where an unfertilized egg and the lining of the uterus are released from the body?
What is the name of the process where an unfertilized egg and the lining of the uterus are released from the body?
Which of these reproductive organs is involved in both fertilization and the birth of a baby?
Which of these reproductive organs is involved in both fertilization and the birth of a baby?
What role does carbon dioxide play in respiration and photosynthesis?
What role does carbon dioxide play in respiration and photosynthesis?
Which of the following is NOT true regarding the function of the diaphragm?
Which of the following is NOT true regarding the function of the diaphragm?
Which term describes the living thing that a parasite infects?
Which term describes the living thing that a parasite infects?
What is a key characteristic of fungi in relation to energy acquisition?
What is a key characteristic of fungi in relation to energy acquisition?
Which factor can help maintain respiratory system health?
Which factor can help maintain respiratory system health?
What is the main purpose of the respiratory system?
What is the main purpose of the respiratory system?
Which of the following describes menstruation?
Which of the following describes menstruation?
What term refers to tiny living organisms that cannot be seen with the naked eye?
What term refers to tiny living organisms that cannot be seen with the naked eye?
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Study Notes
1.4-1.7 Words to Learn
- Oxygen: A colorless gas, a component of air
- Carbon dioxide: A colorless gas, a component of air; breathed out during respiration; used by plants in photosynthesis
- Host: The living organism a parasite infects
- Bacteria: An organism living on or in another organism, can cause disease
- Parasite: Tiny organism that causes infection
- Fungi: Living organisms that acquire food from the environment
- Infection: A disease or illness that transmits from one place to another
- Transmit: To cause something (a disease or illness) to spread
- Vector: An organism, like an insect, that transmits disease or parasites from one animal/plant to another
- Physical barrier: Prevents germs from entering the body (e.g., skin)
- Chemical barrier: Destroys germs on body surfaces (e.g., mucus)
- Mucus: A slimy substance in the body
- Microorganisms/Microbes: Tiny living organisms not visible to the naked eye
1.2 The Respiratory System
- Function: Allows breathing in oxygen and breathing out carbon dioxide
- Organs: Nose, trachea, lungs, and diaphragm
- Breathing Process: Inhalation/exhalation
- Diaphragm: Muscle below lungs that aids breathing
- Respiratory Disorders: Asthma, bronchitis, pneumonia
- Maintaining Health: Avoid smoking, ensure good air quality, exercise, and good hygiene
1.3 The Reproductive System - Key Facts About Puberty
- Puberty Changes: Physical changes in the bodies of boys and girls, especially in the reproductive system, enabling reproduction
- Reproductive System's Role: To create special cells for reproduction
- Boys Produce Sperm: Male sex cells
- Girls Develop Eggs/Ova: Female sex cells
- Fertilization: Sperm and egg unite forming a new living being
Boys During Puberty
- Begin producing sperm during puberty
Girls During Puberty
- Develop eggs
- Menstruation begins (a year after puberty) - egg and lining of uterus are released
Changes in the Reproductive System - Key Facts About Puberty
- Puberty: Stage of life when the body changes and becomes capable of reproduction
- Age of Puberty: Boys ~13, Girls ~11
- Cause of Changes: Hormones (chemicals in body)
- Growth Spurt: Height increase
- Changes in Hair: Growth on face, armpits, and other body parts (boys); armpits and other body parts (girls)
- Skin Changes: Oily skin, pimples (boys and girls)
- Changes in Boys: Broad shoulders/chest, muscle development, deepening voice
- Changes in Girls: Wider hips, breast development, deepening voice
Male Reproductive System
- Testes: Produce sperm
- Sperm duct: Carries sperm
- Penis: Transfers sperm to the female body
Female Reproductive System
- Ovaries: Produce ova/eggs
- Uterus/Womb: Where the baby develops
- Oviducts: Site of fertilization
- Birth canal: Passage for the baby
Microorganism
- Bacteria: Single-celled organisms, found in various environments (Some cause, others are beneficial)
- Viruses: Not considered living, replicate by infecting cells
- Fungi: Multicellular organisms (Molds, Yeasts, Mushrooms).
- Parasites: Live on and inside another organism
1.4 Infectious Diseases
- Definition: Illnesses caused by tiny germs (bacteria, viruses, parasites)
- Transmission: Spreads through air, water, touch, or insects (mosquitoes)
- Symptoms: Common signs (fever, cough, tiredness, stomach issues.)
Body Defenses
- Skin: Acts as a barrier to prevent germs from entering the body
- Stomach Acid: Kills germs in food consumed
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