Biology Unit 1-3 Overview

Unit 1 - Introduction to Biology

• Living things share several fundamental characteristics: growth, reproduction, response to stimuli, and energy use.
• The tree of life illustrates the evolutionary relationships among different species.

Unit 2 - The Chemistry of Life

• Atoms are the basic building blocks of matter.
• Matter can be classified as elements or compounds.
• Hydrogen bonds are weak attractions between a hydrogen atom and another atom, crucial for many biological processes.
• Water's unique properties, including polarity and high specific heat, are essential for life.
• pH measures the acidity or basicity of a solution, impacting biological systems.

Unit 3 - Diseases in Guatemala

• Develop a testable prediction about a phenomenon in Guatemala.
• Identify the factor you will change and the factor you expect to be affected; these are the independent and dependent variables respectively.
• Compare and contrast five types of pathogens (bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites, and prions) based on their structure, how they cause illness, and how they are controlled.

Unit 4 - Macromolecules

• Carbon's unique ability to form four covalent bonds allows it to build a vast array of complex molecules.
• Polymers are large molecules formed by combining smaller units called monomers.
• Carbohydrates are crucial for energy storage and structural support.
• Lipids are diverse molecules with roles in energy storage, insulation, and cell membranes.
• Nucleic acids store and transmit genetic information.
• Proteins perform a wide range of functions, including structural support, catalyzing reactions, and transporting molecules.

Unit 5 - The Cell

• The cell theory states that all living things are composed of cells, the basic unit of life, and cells arise from pre-existing cells.
• Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles; prokaryotic cells do not.
• Animal cells and plant cells have similarities but differ in features like a cell wall, chloroplasts, and a large central vacuole.

This quiz covers fundamental concepts in biology, including characteristics of living things, the chemistry of life, and diseases prevalent in Guatemala. You'll explore topics such as evolutionary relationships, the role of atoms and water in life, and examine various pathogens. Perfect for students looking to reinforce their understanding of biological principles.