Questions and Answers
What is the study of life?
What is the smallest unit that can perform all life's processes?
Cell
What are groups of cells that have similar abilities and that allow an organ to function called?
Tissues
What are the 7 characteristics of life?
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What is the maintenance of a stable level of internal conditions even though environmental conditions are constantly changing called?
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What is the sum of all chemical reactions that take place in an organism?
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What are the three domains of life?
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What is the branch of biology that studies organisms interacting with each other and with the environment?
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What are traits that improve an individual's ability to survive and reproduce called?
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List the steps of the scientific method.
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What provides a normal standard against which the biologist can compare results of the experimental group?
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What is the factor which the experimenter manipulates during the experiment?
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What is the factor in an experiment that is observed or measured?
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What is anything that has mass and takes up space?
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What are substances that cannot be broken down chemically into simpler kinds of matter called?
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What is the simplest particle of an element that retains all of the properties of that element?
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What are negatively charged particles in an atom?
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What are atoms of the same element that have a different number of neutrons called?
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What are bonds that form when two atoms share one or more pairs of electrons called?
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What are bonds that form from attracting negative and positive charges called?
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What is the ability to do work called?
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What is the amount of energy needed to start a chemical reaction called?
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What are chemical substances that reduce the amount of activation energy needed for a reaction to take place called?
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What are biological catalysts called?
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What is an attractive force that holds molecules of a single substance together called?
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What is the attractive force between two particles of different substances called?
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What are solutions that contain more hydronium ions than hydroxide ions called?
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What are solutions that contain more hydroxide ions than hydronium ions called?
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What are compounds made primarily of carbon atoms called?
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What are large, non-polar organic molecules that make up the cell membrane?
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What are large and very complex organic molecules that store and transfer important information in the cell called?
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What are the three parts of the cell theory?
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What type of cells lack a membrane-bound nucleus and membrane-bound organelles?
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What type of cells possess a membrane-bound nucleus and membrane-bound organelles?
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What are organelles that direct protein synthesis in the cytoplasm?
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What are organelles that transfer energy from organic molecules to adenosine triphosphate?
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What is a system of membranous tubes and sacs which functions primarily as an intracellular highway along which molecules are moved around the cell?
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Study Notes
Key Concepts in Biology
- Biology is the study of life and living organisms.
- Cells are the smallest units capable of performing all life processes.
- Tissues are groups of similar cells that work together to allow organs to function.
Characteristics of Life
- The 7 characteristics of life include:
- Organization
- Responsiveness
- Homeostasis
- Metabolism
- Growth
- Reproduction
- Ability to evolve
Homeostasis and Metabolism
- Homeostasis maintains stable internal conditions despite environmental changes.
- Metabolism encompasses all chemical reactions occurring within an organism.
Domains of Life
- The three domains of life are:
- Bacteria
- Archaea
- Eukarya
Ecology and Adaptations
- Ecology studies interactions among organisms and their environment.
- Adaptations are traits that enhance survival and reproduction.
Scientific Method
- Steps of the scientific method:
- Observe
- Hypothesize
- Predict
- Experiment
- Analyze data
Experimental Design
- The control group serves as a standard for comparison in experiments.
- An independent variable is manipulated by the experimenter, while the dependent variable is measured or observed.
Matter and Elements
- Matter is anything with mass that occupies space.
- Elements are pure substances that cannot be broken down into simpler forms.
- Atoms are the simplest particles of elements retaining their properties.
Atomic Structure
- Electrons are negatively charged particles found in atoms.
- Isotopes are atoms of the same element with differing neutron counts.
Chemical Bonds
- Covalent bonds involve the sharing of electrons between atoms.
- Ionic bonds form through the attraction of charged particles.
Energy and Reactions
- Energy is the capacity to do work.
- Activation energy is the energy required to initiate a chemical reaction.
- Catalysts are substances that lower activation energy; enzymes are biological catalysts.
Molecular Interactions
- Cohesion is the force that holds molecules of a single substance together.
- Adhesion refers to attractive forces between different substances.
Acids and Bases
- Acids have more hydronium ions than hydroxide ions.
- Bases have more hydroxide ions than hydronium ions.
Organic Compounds
- Organic compounds primarily consist of carbon atoms.
- Phospholipids are large, nonpolar organic molecules forming cell membranes.
- Nucleic acids are complex organic molecules that store and transfer genetic information, primarily found in the nucleus.
Cell Theory
- The three components of the cell theory:
- All living organisms are made of one or more cells.
- Cells are the fundamental units of structure and function in organisms.
- Cells arise only from the reproduction of existing cells.
Cell Types
- Prokaryotes lack membrane-bound nuclei and organelles.
- Eukaryotes possess membrane-bound nuclei and organelles.
Cellular Organelles
- Ribosomes direct protein synthesis in the cytoplasm.
- Mitochondria transfer energy from organic molecules to adenosine triphosphate (ATP).
- Endoplasmic reticulum is a system of membranous tubes and sacs functioning as an intracellular transport highway.
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Description
Test your knowledge of biology with these trivia flashcards. Each card presents a key concept or term related to the study of life, from cells to the characteristics of living organisms. Perfect for students seeking to enhance their understanding of biological concepts.
