Questions and Answers
Name the three stages of translation.
Initiation, Elongation, Termination
What is happening during the first stage (Initiation)?
mRNA attaches to the ribosome in the cytoplasm; first tRNA molecule attaches to the P site by complementary base pairing between its anticodon (UAC) and the mRNA start codon (AUG).
Describe the second stage (Elongation).
The second tRNA molecule with an anticodon complementary to the codon of the mRNA attaches; amino acids will join together by a peptide bond; the first tRNA molecule will move to the E site of the ribosome and leave; the ribosome shifts one codon so another tRNA molecule can attach.
What is the third stage of translation?
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Study Notes
Stages of Translation
- Translation occurs in three main stages: Initiation, Elongation, and Termination.
Initiation
- mRNA binds to the Ribosome located in the cytoplasm.
- The first tRNA molecule connects to the P site of the ribosome.
- Complementary base pairing occurs between the tRNA anticodon (UAC) and the mRNA start codon (AUG).
Elongation
- A second tRNA molecule, matching the mRNA codon, attaches to the ribosome.
- Amino acids from the tRNAs are linked together through peptide bonds.
- The first tRNA shifts to the E site, allowing it to exit the ribosome.
- The ribosome advances one codon along the mRNA, facilitating the entry of a new tRNA molecule.
Termination
- Translation ends when a stop codon on the mRNA is reached.
- Release factors bind to the stop codon, prompting the release of the completed polypeptide chain.
- The ribosomal subunits, mRNA, and tRNA dissociate, completing the translation process.
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Description
Explore the three essential stages of translation: Initiation, Elongation, and Termination. This quiz tests your understanding of how mRNA, tRNA, and ribosomes interact during protein synthesis. Assess your knowledge of the molecular processes that underpin these stages.
