Biology: Taxonomy and Classification

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Questions and Answers

What is the highest taxonomic rank?

  • Species
  • Kingdom
  • Domain (correct)
  • Phylum

Two species can occupy the same niche in the same habitat.

False (B)

What is the difference between habitat and niche?

Habitat refers to the physical environment where an organism lives, while niche describes the unique role or position of an organism in its environment.

The process of breaking down organic matter by organisms is called _______________________.

<p>decomposition</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of interaction involves one species capturing and consuming another?

<p>Predation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following trophic levels with their descriptions:

<p>Producers = Organisms that produce their own energy Primary consumers = Herbivores, consume producers Secondary consumers = Carnivores, consume primary consumers Tertiary consumers = Apex predators, consume secondary consumers</p> Signup and view all the answers

Abiotic factors can affect the distribution and behavior of organisms.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Give an example of an abiotic factor that can affect ecosystem dynamics.

<p>Temperature</p> Signup and view all the answers

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Study Notes

Taxonomy

  • Study of the classification, identification, and naming of organisms
  • Hierarchical system:
    • Domain
    • Kingdom
    • Phylum
    • Class
    • Order
    • Family
    • Genus
    • Species
  • Taxonomic ranks:
    • Species: most specific, unique characteristics
    • Genus: grouping of related species
    • Family: grouping of related genera
    • Order: grouping of related families
    • Class: grouping of related orders
    • Phylum: grouping of related classes
    • Kingdom: grouping of related phyla
    • Domain: highest rank, broadest grouping

Habitat Vs Niche

  • Habitat:
    • Physical environment where an organism lives
    • Includes biotic and abiotic factors
    • Can be shared by multiple species
  • Niche:
    • Unique role or position of an organism in its environment
    • Includes the organism's habitat, but also its functional role
    • Describes how the organism interacts with its environment
    • No two species can occupy the same niche in the same habitat

Ecosystem Interactions

  • Types of interactions:
    • Predation: one species captures and consumes another
    • Competition: species compete for same resources
    • Mutualism: both species benefit from each other
    • Commensalism: one species benefits, the other is unaffected
    • Symbiosis: close, long-term relationship between species
    • Decomposition: breakdown of organic matter by organisms
  • Trophic levels:
    • Producers: organisms that produce their own energy (e.g., plants)
    • Primary consumers: herbivores, consume producers
    • Secondary consumers: carnivores, consume primary consumers
    • Tertiary consumers: apex predators, consume secondary consumers
    • Decomposers: break down organic matter

Abiotic Factors

  • Non-living components of an ecosystem
  • Examples:
    • Light
    • Temperature
    • Water
    • Soil
    • pH
    • Oxygen
    • Salinity
    • Wind
    • Topography
  • Influence ecosystem dynamics and organism interactions
  • Can affect distribution, behavior, and physiology of organisms

Taxonomy

  • Study of classification, identification, and naming of organisms
  • Hierarchical system consists of: Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, and Species
  • Each taxonomic rank has more specific characteristics:
    • Species: most specific, unique characteristics
    • Genus: grouping of related species
    • Family: grouping of related genera
    • Order: grouping of related families
    • Class: grouping of related orders
    • Phylum: grouping of related classes
    • Kingdom: grouping of related phyla
    • Domain: highest rank, broadest grouping

Habitat Vs Niche

  • Habitat: physical environment where an organism lives, includes biotic and abiotic factors, can be shared by multiple species
  • Niche: unique role or position of an organism in its environment, includes habitat and functional role
  • No two species can occupy the same niche in the same habitat

Ecosystem Interactions

  • Types of interactions:
    • Predation: one species captures and consumes another
    • Competition: species compete for same resources
    • Mutualism: both species benefit from each other
    • Commensalism: one species benefits, the other is unaffected
    • Symbiosis: close, long-term relationship between species
    • Decomposition: breakdown of organic matter by organisms
  • Trophic levels:
    • Producers: organisms that produce their own energy (e.g., plants)
    • Primary consumers: herbivores, consume producers
    • Secondary consumers: carnivores, consume primary consumers
    • Tertiary consumers: apex predators, consume secondary consumers
    • Decomposers: break down organic matter

Abiotic Factors

  • Non-living components of an ecosystem
  • Examples:
    • Light
    • Temperature
    • Water
    • Soil
    • pH
    • Oxygen
    • Salinity
    • Wind
    • Topography
  • Influence ecosystem dynamics and organism interactions
  • Affect distribution, behavior, and physiology of organisms

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