Biology Study Notes - ABEKA Test 4

Poliomyelitis

Incisors

Carbohydrates

<p>Rectum (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Interneurons</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Axon</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Dendrites</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hydrochloric acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Alimentary canal</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Peristalsis</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pulp</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Peripheral nervous system</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Vitamin C (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Medulla oblongata</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Oils</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Emulsification</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Meninges</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Astigmatism</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cerebellum</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cerebrum</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Small intestine</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Stroke</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Semicircular canals</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Dental caries</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cochlea</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Motor neurons</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Synapse</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Reflex arc</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Villi</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Epiglottis</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fovea</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lacrimal gland</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cornea</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Retina</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cone</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sclera</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Unsaturated fats</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>meninges</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cornea = Transparent front portion Lens = Focuses light onto the retina Retina = Detects light Iris = Controls pupil size</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Emulsification</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>stroke</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Villi (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cerebrum (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>meninges</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>stroke</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Emulsification = Breaks fat into smaller droplets Astigmatism = Defective vision due to curved cornea Villi = Tiny projections in the small intestine Epiglottis = Flap that prevents food from entering the windpipe</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Oils (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>fovea</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Semicircular canals</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cerebellum (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lacrimal gland (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Gallbladder</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>retina</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sclera = Tough, white outer layer of the eyeball Cone = Cell type responsible for color vision Cornea = Transparent front portion of the eye Retina = Inner layer of the eye that detects light</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mixing food with gastric juice (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Amino acids</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>action</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Frontal (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They speed impulse transmission in neurons. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>sympathetic division</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>chemical</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sympathetic Division = Inhibits digestion during stress Parasympathetic Division = Stimulates digestion during rest</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It causes functional dyspepsia. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It stimulates the digestive system.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>muscles</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They assist in the chemical changes required for food breakdown. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A disease of the spinal cord caused by a virus that destroys motor neurons.

The four front teeth on each jaw used for cutting food.

Nutrients like starches and sugars.

The ileum, jejunum, and duodenum are divisions; the rectum is not.

Neurons that relay messages between other neurons.

The long fiber of a neuron that transmits signals to other nerve cells.

Parts of a neuron that carry information toward the cell body.

The acid produced by the stomach to kill bacteria and help soften food.

Another name for the digestive tract.

Rhythmic muscular contractions that move food through the digestive system.

Hollow area inside a tooth that contains nerves and blood vessels.

Part of the nervous system including cranial and spinal nerves.

A water-soluble vitamin.

Lowest part of the brain stem, controlling breathing and heartbeat.

Fats that are liquid at room temperature.

Breaking a fat droplet into smaller droplets.

Protective tissues surrounding the brain and spinal cord.

Defective vision due to an asymmetrically curved cornea.

Part of the brain that coordinates skeletal muscle activity.

Part of the brain responsible for thought, memory, voluntary actions, thinking & intelligence.

Primary organ of digestion and absorption.

Serious injury to nervous system by internal blockage or rupture.

Sensory structures in the ear relating to balance.

Cavities in teeth.

Snail-shaped structure that senses sound and generates impulses.

Carry info from brain & spinal cord to body parts.

Junction for transmitting impulses from a nerve to another.

A viral disease that attacks motor neurons in the spinal cord, leading to muscle weakness and paralysis.

The four front teeth on each jaw that are designed for cutting food.

A type of nutrient that provides energy for the body, including starches and sugars.

The rectum is the final part of the large intestine, where waste is stored before elimination.

Neurons that transmit messages between other neurons within the nervous system.

The long fiber of a neuron that carries impulses away from the cell body to other neurons.

Branch-like fibers of a neuron that receive signals from other neurons and carry them toward the cell body.

A strong acid produced in the stomach that helps break down food and kill bacteria.

Another name for the digestive tract, a long tube through which food passes during digestion.

The rhythmic muscular contractions that move food along the digestive tract.

The medulla oblongata is the lowest part of the brain stem and it controls vital functions like breathing and heartbeat.

Emulsification is the process of breaking down large fat droplets into smaller droplets, making them easier to digest.

The meninges are three layers of protective tissue that surround the brain and spinal cord.

A stroke is a serious injury to the nervous system caused by a blockage or rupture of a blood vessel in the brain.

The semicircular canals are fluid-filled structures in the inner ear that sense changes in head position, contributing to balance.

Dental caries are the technical term for cavities, which are holes in the hard outer layer of teeth.

The cochlea is a snail-shaped structure in the inner ear responsible for converting sound vibrations into nerve impulses.

Motor neurons are responsible for carrying nerve impulses from the brain and spinal cord to muscles and glands, causing movement.

A synapse is the junction between two nerve cells where a nerve impulse is transmitted from one cell to another.

Villi are tiny finger-like projections lining the small intestine that increase surface area to absorb nutrients from food.

A structure that produces tears, which lubricate and protect the eye.

The inner layer of the eye that contains light-sensitive cells and converts light into nerve impulses.

Specialized cells in the retina responsible for color vision.

The tough, white outer layer of the eyeball that protects and maintains its shape.

An open sore in the lining of the digestive tract.

Brain tissue composed primarily of nerve cell bodies and dendrites.

A small organ that stores bile produced by the liver.

The tube that connects the pharynx (throat) to the stomach.

The part of the brain responsible for personality, self-control, and voluntary movement of skeletal muscles.

Specialized cells that wrap around axons of neurons, forming a myelin sheath that insulates the axon and speeds up nerve impulse transmission.

Enzymes are biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions in the digestive system, breaking down large food molecules into smaller, absorbable components.

The sympathetic nervous system is activated during stress, diverting energy to vital organs like the heart and lungs. The parasympathetic nervous system promotes rest and digestion.

Prolonged stress activates the sympathetic nervous system, inhibiting digestion and potentially leading to indigestion. Reducing stress allows the parasympathetic system to dominate, promoting digestion.

The part of the nervous system that controls involuntary bodily functions like digestion, breathing, and heart rate. It has two divisions: sympathetic and parasympathetic.