ABEKA Biology God's Living Creation Test 4

The lowest part of the brain stem, controlling breathing and heartbeat.

Fats that are liquid at room temperature.

The process of breaking a droplet of fat into smaller droplets.

Protective layers that surround the brain and spinal cord.

Defective vision caused by an asymmetrically curved cornea.

Part of the brain that coordinates skeletal muscle activity.

Part of the brain for thought, memory, voluntary actions, thinking, and intelligence.

The primary organ of digestion and absorption.

Serious nervous system injury due to a blocked or ruptured blood vessel in the brain.

Snail-shaped inner ear structure that senses sound vibrations and generates nerve impulses.

A structure responsible for producing tears.

The inner layer of the eye that detects light and converts it into nerve impulses.

A type of cell in the retina responsible for color vision.

The tough, white outer layer of the eyeball that protects the eye.

An open sore in the lining of the digestive tract.

Brain tissue composed mainly of nerve cell bodies and unmyelinated nerve fibers.

The tube that connects the pharynx to the stomach.

The part of the brain responsible for personality, self-control, and voluntary movement.

Schwann cells wrap around neurons, forming a myelin sheath that insulates the nerve fiber, increasing the speed of nerve impulse transmission.

A camera's diaphragm is analogous to the iris of the eye, both controlling the amount of light entering the system. The iris adjusts the size of the pupil, while the diaphragm adjusts the size of the aperture.

Enzymes are biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions. Digestion involves breaking down complex food molecules into simpler ones, which requires many chemical changes that enzymes facilitate.

The sympathetic nervous system, part of the autonomic nervous system, is activated during stress, diverting energy from digestion to vital organs like the heart, lungs, and muscles.

The parasympathetic nervous system, the 'rest and digest' part of the autonomic nervous system, promotes digestion by stimulating digestive organs.

Long-term stress keeps the sympathetic nervous system activated, inhibiting digestion and leading to functional dyspepsia, also known as indigestion.

Reducing stress allows the parasympathetic nervous system to dominate, promoting proper digestion by activating digestive organs and allowing them to function optimally.

The autonomic nervous system has two main divisions: the sympathetic nervous system, which responds to stress, and the parasympathetic nervous system, which promotes rest and digestion.

Carbohydrates are a primary source of energy for the body. They are broken down into glucose, which is used by cells for various functions, including muscle contraction and brain activity.

Poliomyelitis is a viral disease that attacks motor neurons in the spinal cord, leading to paralysis.

Incisors are the four front teeth on each jaw that are used for cutting food.

Starches and sugars are carbohydrates, which are essential for energy production in the body.

The rectum is part of the large intestine, not the small intestine.

Interneurons relay messages between other neurons in the nervous system.

The axon is the long fiber of a neuron that transmits signals away from the cell body.

Dendrites are fibers of a neuron that carry information towards the cell body.

The stomach produces hydrochloric acid to kill bacteria and soften food.

The alimentary canal is another name for the digestive tract, the tube that processes food.

Peristalsis is the rhythmic wave of muscular contractions that moves food through the digestive system.

A viral disease that attacks motor neurons in the spinal cord, causing paralysis.

The four front teeth on each jaw, used for cutting food.

A type of nutrient that provides energy, including starches and sugars.

Part of the large intestine, NOT part of the small intestine.

Neurons that transmit messages between other neurons.

The long fiber of a neuron that carries signals away from the cell body.

Fibers of a neuron that receive information from other cells.

Acid produced in the stomach that kills bacteria and softens food.

Another name for the digestive tract, the tube that processes food.

Rhythmic waves of muscular contractions that move food through the digestive system.

The lacrimal gland produces tears, which lubricate and cleanse the eye.

The cornea is the transparent outer layer of the eye that refracts light, allowing it to enter the eye.

The retina is the light-sensitive inner layer of the eye that converts light into nerve impulses sent to the brain for processing.

Cone cells in the retina are responsible for color vision.

The sclera is the tough, white outer layer of the eyeball that protects the eye and maintains its shape.

An ulcer is an open sore in the lining of the digestive tract, often in the stomach or small intestine.

White matter is composed of myelinated nerve fibers, while gray matter is composed of neuron cell bodies and unmyelinated fibers.

The gallbladder stores bile produced by the liver.

The esophagus is a muscular tube that carries food from the pharynx to the stomach.

Personality, self-control, and voluntary movement of skeletal muscles are controlled by the frontal lobe of the brain.

An essential vitamin necessary for various body functions, including collagen synthesis, immune system support, and antioxidant activity. It is also known as ascorbic acid.

Fats that are liquid at room temperature. They are typically derived from plant sources like olive oil or vegetable oil.

Digestion requires breaking down large food molecules into smaller ones, which involves many chemical changes. Enzymes speed up these chemical reactions, making digestion efficient.