18 Questions
What is the primary function of trachieds in wood?
Water conducting function and support
What is the term for the blocking of vessels in heartwood by special outgrowth?
Tylose
What is the characteristic of the cell wall that gives a blue-violet color when treated with I2 and sulfuric acid?
Cellulose
What type of wood is originated from sap wood and acts as a support due to its strength and hardness?
Heart wood
What is the term for the appearance of wood when it is split, which can be either longitudinal or radial?
Grain of wood
What is the name of the type of wood that is an exception to the rule that most commercial woods are lighter than water?
Guaiacum wood
What is the outermost layer of the periderm composed of, and what are its functions?
The outermost layer of the periderm is composed of dead cork cells impregnated with suberin and tannin, and its functions include preventing water loss and protecting the inner plant tissues from mechanical injuries and pathogens.
What is the main difference between the cortex and the phloem in the bark of woody plants?
The main difference is that the cortex is a tissue of unspecialized cells, whereas the phloem is a conductive tissue responsible for the translocation of food materials.
What is the role of the cork cambium in the development of the periderm?
The cork cambium gives rise to new cells that form the outer layer of the periderm, the cork, as well as the inner layer, the phelloderm.
What are the three major components of the bark in woody plants?
The three major components of the bark are the periderm, cortex, and phloem.
What is the function of the phelloderm in the periderm?
The phelloderm is the inner layer of the periderm, formed by the cork cambium, and it provides additional support to the plant.
What is the significance of the bark's shape in different woody plants?
The shape of the bark varies among woody plants, and can be flat, curved, recurved, channelled, or quill-like, depending on the species.
What is the characteristic of the outer surface of a stem that has lenticels?
Smooth outer surface
What type of plants are epiphytes, and how do they benefit from their host plants?
Epiphytes are plants that grow on other plants, and they benefit from their host plants by reaching heights where sunlight is available without expending energy on creating trunks or long vertical stems.
What is the main difference between liverworts and mosses, besides their morphology?
The absence of a vascular system
What is the function of lenticels in woody plants?
Gas exchange between the atmosphere and the underlying tissues
What is the composition of Cascarilla, and what is its primary use?
1% volatile oils, 15% resin, and Cascarillin bitter principles; aromatic bitter stomachic
What is the characteristic of the outer surface of a stem that lacks epiphytes, lichens, or liverworts?
Scaly and lacks lenticels
Learn about the characteristics of heartwood and sapwood, including their composition, functions, and differences. Understand the role of lignified cells and the properties of commercial wood.
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