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Questions and Answers
What is a key function of DNA in organisms?
What is a key function of DNA in organisms?
What role does water play in biological systems?
What role does water play in biological systems?
Which process allows ions to move across a cell membrane?
Which process allows ions to move across a cell membrane?
What is the primary function of proteins in cells?
What is the primary function of proteins in cells?
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Which of the following statements about cellular organelles is true?
Which of the following statements about cellular organelles is true?
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Which of the following aspects of living organisms is explained by the theory of evolution?
Which of the following aspects of living organisms is explained by the theory of evolution?
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What is the primary hereditary material found in most living organisms?
What is the primary hereditary material found in most living organisms?
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What does the hierarchy of organization in an organism describe?
What does the hierarchy of organization in an organism describe?
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What does the term 'resolution' refer to in the context of a microscope?
What does the term 'resolution' refer to in the context of a microscope?
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In an experiment, which variable is considered the dependent variable?
In an experiment, which variable is considered the dependent variable?
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Which type of microscope uses a beam of electrons for magnification?
Which type of microscope uses a beam of electrons for magnification?
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In scientific discourse, what does the term 'theory' most accurately represent?
In scientific discourse, what does the term 'theory' most accurately represent?
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What type of reproduction does cloning represent?
What type of reproduction does cloning represent?
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In the absence of a catalyst, the activation energy would be which of the following?
In the absence of a catalyst, the activation energy would be which of the following?
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What is an aqueous solution that contains more hydroxide ions than hydronium ions called?
What is an aqueous solution that contains more hydroxide ions than hydronium ions called?
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Oxidation: loss::reduction:
Oxidation: loss::reduction:
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Which of the following can be concluded from looking at a molecule of water?
Which of the following can be concluded from looking at a molecule of water?
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Which of the following is not a function of polysaccharides?
Which of the following is not a function of polysaccharides?
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Which of the following statements is false?
Which of the following statements is false?
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What is the name of the molecule in plants that stores sugars?
What is the name of the molecule in plants that stores sugars?
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Which of the following molecules make up the basic structure of a cell membrane?
Which of the following molecules make up the basic structure of a cell membrane?
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The tails in the phospholipid molecules orient away from water. Which of the following describes the tail's movement?
The tails in the phospholipid molecules orient away from water. Which of the following describes the tail's movement?
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Mitochondria: energy release :: ribosomes:
Mitochondria: energy release :: ribosomes:
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By what percentage does the surface area to volume ratio change when a cell grows from 1 um to 2 um in diameter?
By what percentage does the surface area to volume ratio change when a cell grows from 1 um to 2 um in diameter?
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What form of cellular transport involves the engulfing and digesting of bacteria?
What form of cellular transport involves the engulfing and digesting of bacteria?
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How would the transport of sugar into cells affect the pH of the external environment?
How would the transport of sugar into cells affect the pH of the external environment?
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What is a vesicle made of?
What is a vesicle made of?
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Study Notes
Chapter 1 STP Questions
- Evolution: Explains how organisms are related to each other.
- Hereditary Material: DNA is the hereditary material in most living things.
- Hierarchical Organization: Describes the internal structures of an organism.
- Microscope Resolution: Refers to the microscope's ability to show detail clearly.
- Experiment Variables: The dependent variable in the experiment is the distance from the target.
- Microscope Types: A compound light microscope uses light, while an electron microscope uses electrons.
- Scientific Theory: A theory in a scientific context is a hypothesis supported by evidence.
- Asexual Reproduction: Dolly, the cloned sheep, is an example of asexual reproduction.
Chapter 2 STP Questions
- Chemical Bonding: The number and arrangement of electrons in atoms determine how elements bond to form compounds.
- Atomic Number: An atom with 6 protons has an atomic number of 6.
- Activation Energy: The energy needed for a chemical reaction to begin.
- Catalysts and Activation Energy: Catalysts lower the activation energy needed for a reaction to occur.
- Acids and Bases: An aqueous solution with more hydroxide ions than hydronium ions is a base.
- Oxidation-Reduction: Oxidation involves loss of electrons; reduction involves gain of electrons.
- Water Properties: Water is a polar molecule with opposite charges on oxygen and hydrogen atoms.
- Covalent Bonds: Atoms share electrons in covalent bonds to become more stable.
Chapter 3 STP Questions
- Polysaccharides Functions: Polysaccharides are used for energy storage and structural support, but not for storing genetic information.
- Lipids: Waxes are lipids; starches are not. Saturated fats are solid at room temperature, and unsaturated fats are liquid at room temperature.
- Hereditary Information: DNA stores hereditary information.
- Plant Sugar Storage: Plants store sugars as starch.
- Cell Membrane Composition: Phospholipids make up the basic structure of cell membranes.
- Hydrophobic Tails: The tails of phospholipids are hydrophobic, meaning they orient away from water.
- Simple Sugars: Simple sugars are classified as carbohydrates; amino acids are classified as proteins.
- Functional Groups: A carboxyl group is a functional group on some molecules.
- Enzymes as Catalysts: Enzymes are proteins that act as catalysts in biological reactions.
- Enzyme-Substrate Bonding: The bonding of an enzyme to a substrate is known as the lock-and-key model.
Chapter 4 STP Questions
- Eukaryotic Nucleus: A eukaryotic nucleus contains DNA, RNA, and the nucleolus, but not the endoplasmic reticulum.
- Cell Support and Movement: The cytoskeleton is involved in support and movement within the cell.
- RNA Location: RNA is found in both the nucleus and the cytoplasm of a cell.
- Surface Area to Volume Ratio: The surface area to volume ratio decreases as a cell grows.
- Cell Size Limit: A cell's maximum size is limited by its surface area to volume ratio.
- Mitochondria and Ribosomes: Mitochondria are responsible for energy release, while ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis.
- Cellular Structure Function: The structure in the diagrams function is to manufacture proteins.
- Cell Shape and Function: Cells in multicellular organisms have specific shapes related to their functions.
- Cellular Organelles with DNA: DNA is found in the nucleus, chloroplasts and mitochondria .
Chapter 5 STP Questions
- Diffusion Direction: Molecules move from areas of higher concentration to areas of lower concentration during diffusion.
- Ion Channels: Ion channels facilitate the transport of ions across cell membranes.
- Sodium-Potassium Pump: The sodium-potassium pump transports sodium ions out of the cell and potassium ions into the cell.
- Endocytosis: Some animal cells engulf and destroy bacteria using phagocytosis.
- Glucose Diffusion: Glucose can diffuse through a lipid bilayer (line X and Y).
- Passive vs. Active Transport: Active transport is different from passive transport like osmosis, which moves materials down a concentration gradient.
- Cellular Transport: Exocytosis is a type of cellular transport.
- Cellular Transport Effects: Transporting sugar up the concentration gradient lowers external pH.
- Vesicle Composition: Vesicles are composed of lipids.
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Description
Test your knowledge of key concepts from Chapters 1 and 2 of the Science, Technology, and Performance curriculum. This quiz covers topics such as evolution, DNA, microscope types, chemical bonding, and atomic structure. Challenge yourself with questions on important scientific principles and terms!
