30 Questions
What is the primary function of the salivary glands?
To moisten food and begin starch digestion
Where does the chemical digestion of carbohydrates begin?
In the mouth
What is the function of the muscularis layer in the digestive tube?
To move food through the digestive tube
What is the main function of the liver in the digestive system?
To secrete bile
What is the function of the pancreas in the digestive system?
To secrete enzymes that digest all major nutrients
What is the outermost layer of the digestive tube?
Serosa
What is the function of pepsin in the stomach?
Starts the chemical breakdown of proteins
Which layer of the stomach contains gastric glands that produce gastric juice?
Mucosa
What is the result of the cephalic phase of gastric digestion?
Increased secretion from the gastric pits
What is the function of gastrin in the stomach?
Stimulates the production of gastric juice
What is the term for the mixture of food and gastric juice in the stomach?
Chyme
What is the function of the pyloric sphincter during the intestinal phase of gastric digestion?
Allows the chyme to leave the stomach
What is the primary function of sodium bicarbonate produced by the pancreas?
Neutralizes stomach acid
Where does chemical digestion of carbohydrates begin?
Mouth
What is the role of bile in fat digestion?
Breaks fats into smaller fat droplets, micelles
What stimulates the gallbladder to release bile?
Cholecystokinin (CCK)
What is the primary function of trypsin?
Breaks down proteins
What is the role of gastrin in the digestive process?
Stimulates the gastric glands to produce gastric juice
What is the primary function of the teeth in the digestion process?
Breaking the food into smaller pieces
What is the role of the epiglottis in the swallowing process?
It closes off the airway to keep food from entering the trachea
What is the term for the muscular contractions that push food through the esophagus?
Peristalsis
What is the result when the lower esophageal sphincter fails to close properly?
Stomach acid enters the esophagus and causes heartburn
What is the term for a soft mass of food that is suitable for swallowing?
Bolus
What is the difference between mechanical digestion and chemical digestion?
Mechanical digestion involves chewing, while chemical digestion involves enzymes breaking down nutrients
What is the primary function of the liver in detoxification?
Removing toxins from the blood
What percentage of feces is composed of water?
Three-quarters
What is the name of the pouch on the cecum?
Vermiform appendix
What is the function of the rectum in the digestive system?
To store feces temporarily
What is the name of the bacteria that breaks down waste and produces gas?
E. coli
What is the function of the hepatocyte in the liver?
To produce plasma proteins
Test your knowledge of the human digestive system, including its composition, accessory organs, and their functions. Learn about the roles of the salivary glands, liver, gallbladder, and pancreas in the digestion process.
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